Abstract The main stages of the relationship between forest and steppe communities in the southern part of the Volga Upland have been reconstructed. The existence of primary (preagricultural) steppes of all types has been established. The landscape of this area changed as follows: the steppe landscape changed in the Preboreal and Boreal periods (10 300–7500 BP); the forest-steppe landscape (dominated by forests), in the Atlantic and Early Subboreal periods (7500–3200 BP); forest-steppe (dominated by steppes) and steppe landscapes, from the Late Subboreal period to the present (3200–0 BP); and the first agrocenoses appeared from 2500 BP.

中文翻译：

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全新世伏尔加高地南部森林与草原的关系

摘要 重建了伏尔加高原南部森林与草原群落关系的主要阶段。已经建立了所有类型的原始（农业前）草原。该地区的景观变化如下：草原景观在前寒带和寒带时期（10 300-7500 BP）发生了变化；大西洋和早期亚北方时期（7500-3200 BP）的森林草原景观（以森林为主）；森林草原（以草原为主）和草原景观，从晚北冰洋时期到现在（3200-0 BP）；并且第一次农残出现于 2500 BP。