The aim of this study was to assess the effects of earliness (according to FAO class), maturity stage at harvest and environmental conditions on the ensilability of maize hybrids described by their fermentation products and by a fermentation quality index (FQI). Maize hybrids belonging to early (n = 14) and late (n = 15) FAO classes were grown in low, medium and high potential yield areas and harvested at an early (EH), medium (MH) and late maturity stage (LH), that is, at 1/3, 2/3 and 5 d after the 2/3 milk line stage, respectively, according to a split‐plot design. Upon harvest, each sample (n = 522) was analysed for dry matter (DM) and water‐soluble carbohydrates (WSC) before being ensiled in vacuum‐packed bags (n = 1,044). After 60 days of conservation, samples were analysed for DM and fermentation products. In the pre‐ensiling phase, DM was higher in early hybrids (p = .001), low yield areas (p < .001) and at LH maturity (p < .001), whereas WSC contents were higher in early hybrids (p < .001), medium yield areas (p < .001) and at EH maturity (p < .001). With regard to silages, early hybrids had a higher FQI (p < .001), which was highest in areas with a high yield potential (p < .01) and at EH maturity (p < .01). Late hybrids proved to be better suited for low yield areas compared with early hybrids (p < .01) and had a higher FQI at EH and MH than at LH maturity (p < .01).

中文翻译：

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在收获潜力不同的地区生长的粮农组织早期和晚期的玉米收获期成熟期对玉米杂交种抗结实性的影响

这项研究的目的是评估早熟（根据粮农组织的分类），收获时的成熟阶段和环境条件对玉米杂交种可发酵性和发酵质量指数（FQI）所描述的玉米可结实性的影响。属于早期（n  = 14）和晚期（n  = 15）FAO类的玉米杂交种在低，中和高潜在产量地区种植，并在早期（EH），中等（MH）和成熟后期（LH）收获，即根据分割图设计，分别在2/3牛奶生产线阶段之后的1 / 3、2 / 3和5 d。收获后，对每个样品（n  = 522）进行干包装（DM）和水溶性碳水化合物（WSC）的分析，然后将其装入真空包装的袋中（n = 1,044）。保存60天后，分析样品中的DM和发酵产物。在前期杂交阶段，早期杂种中的DM较高（p  = .001），低产区（p  <.001）和LH成熟期（p  <.001），而WSC含量在早期杂种中较高（p  <.001），中等产量区（p  <.001）和EH成熟期（p  <.001）。关于青贮饲料，早期的杂种具有较高的FQI（p  <.001），在具有高产量潜力（p  <.01）和EH成熟（p  <.01）的地区最高。与早期杂交种相比，晚期杂交种更适合低产地区（p  <.01），在EH和MH的FQI高于LH成熟期（p  <.01）。