Adult ability in complex cognitive domains, including music performance, is commonly thought of as the product of gene-environment interactions, where genetic predispositions influence and are modulated by experience resulting in the final phenotypic expression. Recently, however, the important contribution of maturation to gene-environment interactions has become better understood. Thus the timing of exposure to specific experience, such as music training, has been shown to produce long-term impacts on adult behavior, as well as on brain structure and function. The goal of this paper is to formulate a model of gene-maturation-environment interactions in the context of musical skill, and to illustrate how this framework can provide an important window into understanding how predispositions, brain development and experience interact.

在复杂的认知领域中，包括音乐表演在内的成年能力通常被认为是基因与环境相互作用的产物，在这种情况下，遗传易感性受到经验的影响并受到经验的调节，从而导致最终的表型表达。但是，近来，人们对成熟对基因-环境相互作用的重要贡献有了更好的了解。因此，已经表明，接触特定经验（例如音乐训练）的时间会对成年人的行为以及大脑的结构和功能产生长期影响。本文的目的是在音乐技能的背景下建立基因-成熟-环境相互作用的模型，并说明该框架如何提供一个重要的窗口，以了解易感性，大脑发育和体验如何相互作用。