Processes occurring during sleep contribute critically to the stabilization of new learning for long-term retention. Previously consolidated memory traces can be reactivated rendering memories labile again, and vulnerable to disruption or alteration. Across the phases of reactivation, modification, and re-consolidation, processing during sleep may play an essential role in restabilizing the transformed memory. We discuss recent research assessing the impact of sleep on reactivated memories potentially undergoing reconsolidation. We further evaluate targeted memory reactivation, an intervention that can directly engineer reconsolidation during sleep. Although sleep may play a role in restabilizing newly-modified memories, much remains to be explored before we fully understand the supporting mechanisms.

睡眠过程中发生的过程对稳定新学习以长期保留至关重要。先前合并的内存跟踪可以重新激活，从而使内存再次变得不稳定，并且容易受到破坏或更改。在重新激活，修饰和重新整合的各个阶段中，睡眠期间的处理可能在重新稳定转换后的记忆中起着至关重要的作用。我们讨论最近的研究，评估睡眠对可能经历重新整合的重新激活记忆的影响。我们进一步评估了有针对性的记忆激活，这是一种可以在睡眠期间直接进行重组的干预措施。尽管睡眠可能在重新适应新近记忆的过程中发挥作用，但在我们充分理解其支持机制之前，还有许多工作要做。