Phenomenology of Ohmic energy confinement saturation in tokamaks is reviewed. Characteristics of the linear Ohmic confinement (LOC) and saturated Ohmic confinement (SOC) regimes are documented and transformations in all transport channels across the LOC/SOC transition are described, including rotation reversals, 'non-local' cut-off and density peaking, in addition to dramatic changes in fluctuation intensity. Unification of results from nearly 20 devices indicates that the LOC/SOC transition occurs at a critical value of the product of the density, edge safety factor and device major radius, and that this product increases with toroidal magnetic field. Comparison with gyro-kinetic simulations suggests that the effects of sub-dominant TEMs are important in the LOC regime while ITG mode turbulence dominates with SOC.

中文翻译：

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了解托卡马克中的 LOC/SOC 现象学

综述了托卡马克中欧姆能量限制饱和的现象学。记录了线性欧姆限制 (LOC) 和饱和欧姆限制 (SOC) 机制的特征，并描述了跨越 LOC/SOC 过渡的所有传输通道中的转换，包括旋转反转、“非局部”截止和密度峰值，除了波动强度的剧烈变化。近 20 个器件的结果统一表明，LOC/SOC 转变发生在密度、边缘安全系数和器件长半径的乘积的临界值处，并且该乘积随着环形磁场的增加而增加。与陀螺动力学模拟的比较表明，次主导 TEM 的影响在 LOC 状态中很重要，而 ITG 模式湍流在 SOC 中占主导地位。