As environmental change in the Arctic accelerates, there is a growing need to accurately quantify the response of Arctic ecosystems throughout the year. To assess the temporal coverage of observations of carbon and nutrient fluxes, we used literature synthesis, quantitative meta-analysis, and exploration of a novel biogeochemical dataset from one of the best-documented Arctic ecosystems: the headwaters of the Kuparuk River in Northern Alaska. The meta-analysis of 204 peer-reviewed studies revealed a strong temporal gap in observations of biogeochemistry and hydrology of the Kuparuk River, with substantially fewer observations from the early and late ‘shoulders’ of the thaw season (defined as the period before snowmelt or after plant senescence). To test and illustrate how much this bias might influence fundamental ecosystem level measurements, such as riverine carbon and nutrient fluxes, we used high-frequency, in-situ water chemistry sensors to estimate riverine export b...

中文翻译：

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我们不能摆脱肩膀的季节：解决北极上游地区的知识和数据空白

随着北极地区环境变化的加速，人们越来越需要准确量化全年北极生态系统的响应。为了评估碳和养分通量观测值的时间覆盖范围，我们使用了文献合成，定量荟萃分析，以及从记录最充分的北极生态系统之一：阿拉斯加北部库帕鲁克河上游源头开始的新型生物地球化学数据集的探索。对204项同行评审研究的荟萃分析显示，库帕鲁克河的生物地球化学和水文学观测存在较大的时间差异，而融化季节的早期和后期“肩部”（定义为融雪或冰雪期之前的时期）的观测结果却少得多。植物衰老后）。为了测试并说明这种偏见在多大程度上会影响基本的生态系统水平测量，