The next generation of steering systems in the auto manufacturing industry would be steer-by-wire (SBW) in which the mechanical connection between vehicle steering wheel and tires is removed. Numerous advantages are envisaged for this modification, but there are still some under-research technical and safety-related challenges to be addressed. This article presents a thorough review on the history of vehicle steering systems first. The structure and components of the cutting edge technology SBW system are subsequently described with the advantages and disadvantages discussed in detail. The main challenges of this system, including the required motor drives equipped with advanced controllers and reliability concerns, are studied and proposed solutions presented in the literate are reviewed. Finally, a projection of the future of steering systems considering driverless vehicles with integrated steering and traction systems is briefly presented.

中文翻译：

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车辆线控转向系统的最新发展

汽车制造行业的下一代转向系统将是线控转向 (SBW)，其中取消了车辆方向盘和轮胎之间的机械连接。这种修改设想了许多优点，但仍有一些研究不足的技术和安全相关的挑战需要解决。本文首先全面回顾了车辆转向系统的历史。随后将介绍尖端技术 SBW 系统的结构和组件，并详细讨论其优缺点。研究了该系统的主要挑战，包括所需的配备高级控制器的电机驱动器和可靠性问题，并审查了文献中提出的解决方案。最后，