With the development of second-use technology, it is possible to reorganize the retired electric bus batteries (EBBs) into the echelon battery system (EBS). To quantify the value of coordinated operation of EBS–EBBs for an electric bus charging station (EBCS), a configuration-control integrated strategy is proposed. In the configuration stage, the number of second-used electric bus batteries (SUEBBs) is optimized to minimize the overall equivalent annual cost (EAC) of EBCS, based on the evaluation model of SUEBBs’ replacement. In the control stage, the coordinated charging–discharging power of EBS and EBBs is optimized in order to minimize the daily electricity cost of EBCS. Finally, six scenarios are compared and analyzed to verify the economy of equipping EBS in the EBCS. Meanwhile, the impact of the lifespan and price of SUEBBs is analyzed by sensitivity analysis.

中文翻译：

---

一种带梯队电池系统的电动公交车充电站的配置控制集成策略

随着二次利用技术的发展，有可能将退役的电动客车电池（EBB）重组为梯队电池系统（EBS）。为了量化电动公交车充电站 (EBCS) 的 EBS-EBB 协调运行的价值，提出了一种配置-控制集成策略。在配置阶段，基于SUEBBs更换评估模型，优化二次使用电动客车电池（SUEBBs）的数量，以最小化EBCS的整体等效年成本（EAC）。在控制阶段，优化 EBS 和 EBB 的协调充放电功率，以最小化 EBCS 的日常用电成本。最后，对六个场景进行了比较和分析，以验证在 EBCS 中配备 EBS 的经济性。同时，