The Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem, as fostered by fifth generation (5G) applications, demands a highly available network infrastructure. In particular, the Internet of Vehicles use cases, as a subset of the overall IoT environment, require a combination of high availability and low latency in big volume support. This can be enabled by a network function virtualization architecture that is able to provide resources wherever and whenever needed, from the core to the edge up to the end user proximity, in accordance with the fog computing paradigm. In this article, we propose a fog-enabled cellular vehicle-to-everything architecture that provides resources at the core, the edge and the vehicle layers. The proposed architecture enables the connection of virtual machines, containers and unikernels that form an application-as-a-service function chain that can be deployed across the three layers. Furthermore, we provide lifecycle management mechanisms that can efficiently manage and orchestrate the underlying physical resources by leveraging live migration and scaling functionalities. Additionally, we design and implement a 5G platform to evaluate the basic functionalities of our proposed mechanisms in real-life scenarios. Finally, the experimental results demonstrate that our proposed scheme maximizes the accepted requests, without violating the applications' service level agreement.

中文翻译：

---

适用于分布式 5G 及其他应用的雾支持可扩展 C-V2X 架构


第五代 (5G) 应用培育的物联网 (IoT) 生态系统需要高度可用的网络基础设施。特别是，车联网用例作为整个物联网环境的子集，需要在大容量支持中结合高可用性和低延迟。这可以通过网络功能虚拟化架构来实现，该架构能够根据雾计算范例，随时随地提供资源，从核心到边缘，再到最终用户附近。在本文中，我们提出了一种支持雾的蜂窝车辆到一切架构，该架构在核心、边缘和车辆层提供资源。所提出的架构能够连接虚拟机、容器和unikernels，形成一个可以跨三层部署的应用程序即服务功能链。此外，我们提供生命周期管理机制，可以通过利用实时迁移和扩展功能来有效管理和编排底层物理资源。此外，我们设计并实现了一个 5G 平台，以评估我们提出的机制在现实场景中的基本功能。最后，实验结果表明，我们提出的方案在不违反应用程序服务级别协议的情况下最大化了接受的请求。