Abstract Rare earth (RE) and iron minerals in tailings exhibit fine embedded granularity and are closely associated with silicates, carbonates, and other lode minerals, which are difficult to be recycled. Studies of these tailings led to some new processes of ore dressing, involving grinding, RE flotation, strong magnetic separation, and positive iron flotation. In this closed circuit process, RE and iron minerals were separated after grinding, and the materials resulted from the flotation of small-sized RE and iron mineral particles were accurately controlled using a combination of inhibitors, dispersants, pH regulators, and collector agents. The ore dressing were ground to a fineness of 0.045 mm, which was a process accounting for 95.6% of the material. The amount of water glass, NXJ (a combination of sodium carbonate mixed with a fine mud dispersant), and BGH (hydroxamic acid collector, a combination of 3-carboxy-2-naphthylhydroxamic acid and C5-9 hydroxamic acid) used in the primary separation of RE were 2.4 kg/t, 2.5 kg/t, and 2.4 kg/t, respectively. The dosages of ammonium fluorosilicate and GXY (fatty acid collector, a combination of sodium oleate mixed with oxidized paraffin soap) used with iron coarse were 2.2 kg/t and 1.2 kg/t, respectively. The RE collectors achieved chemical separation of Ce, La, and other particles and formed stable five-membered cyclic chelates. Consequently, through the closed circuit experiment, the RE grade and recovery rate in the RE concentrate were improved to 50.3 and 61.6%, respectively. The total iron (TFe) grade and recovery rate in the TFe concentrate were improved to 64.0 and 30.0%, respectively, and other useful metals were also enriched; this process managed secondary recycling of RE and TFe possible, leading to improvements in resource utilization.

中文翻译：

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白云鄂博尾矿稀土和铁的回收工艺机理

摘要 尾矿中的稀土（RE）和铁矿物具有细小的嵌入粒度，与硅酸盐、碳酸盐等矿脉矿物密切相关，难以回收利用。对这些尾矿的研究导致了一些新的选矿工艺，包括磨矿、稀土浮选、强磁选和正铁浮选。在这个闭路工艺中，稀土和铁矿物在研磨后被分离出来，通过抑制剂、分散剂、pH调节剂和捕收剂的组合，对小尺寸稀土和铁矿物颗粒浮选产生的物质进行精确控制。选矿细度为0.045mm，该工序占物料的95.6%。水玻璃的量，用于稀土初级分离的 NXJ（碳酸钠与细泥分散剂混合）和 BGH（异羟肟酸捕收剂，3-羧基-2-萘基异羟肟酸和 C5-9 异羟肟酸的组合）为 2.4 kg /t、2.5 kg/t 和 2.4 kg/t。氟硅酸铵和GXY（脂肪酸捕收剂，油酸钠与氧化石蜡皂混合）与粗铁的用量分别为2.2 kg/t和1.2 kg/t。RE 捕收剂实现了 Ce、La 和其他颗粒的化学分离，并形成了稳定的五元环状螯合物。因此，通过闭路实验，稀土精矿的稀土品位和回收率分别提高到50.3%和61.6%。TFe精矿中的总铁（TFe）品位和回收率分别提高到64.0和30.0%，并富集了其他有用的金属；该过程管理了 RE 和 TFe 的二次回收成为可能，从而提高了资源利用率。