This article examines the process for the synthesis of forsterite–spinel (2MgO·SiO₂/MgO·Al₂O₃) refractory ceramics from fly ash and alumina as sources of aluminum oxide. Raw materials were milled, mixed in different ratios and sintered at 1500 °C for 2 h. Sintered samples were characterized by XRD, thermal analyses and SEM. Porosity, water absorption, bulk density, refractoriness, refractoriness under load and thermal shock resistance were also investigated. The impact of fly ash as a raw material was investigated in accordance with the resulting properties and microstructure of samples with fly ash and alumina as the raw materials. Due to the positive effect of flux oxides (iron oxides and alkalis) on sintering, the mullite contained in fly ash completely decomposed into silica and alumina, which, together with magnesium oxide, formed spinel. This led to improved microstructural and mechanical properties and thermal shock resistance. In particular, mixtures with 10 wt.% and 20 wt.% of fly ash had the most promising results compared to alumina mixtures. Both modulus of rupture and thermal shock resistance were improved, while the impact on refractory properties was minimal. The novelty of this research lies in the recycling of fly ash, a by-product from coal-burning power plants, into a raw material for the production of forsterite–spinel refractory ceramics.

中文翻译：

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粉煤灰为原料对耐火镁橄榄石-尖晶石陶瓷性能的影响

本文考察了镁橄榄石-尖晶石（2MgO·SiO ₂ / MgO·Al ₂ O ₃）以粉煤灰和氧化铝为氧化铝源的耐火陶瓷。将原料研磨，以不同比例混合并在1500°C下烧结2小时。通过XRD，热分析和SEM对烧结样品进行表征。还研究了孔隙率，吸水率，堆积密度，耐火度，负荷下的耐火度和耐热冲击性。根据粉煤灰和氧化铝为原料的样品的性质和微观结构，研究了粉煤灰作为原料的影响。由于助熔剂氧化物（氧化铁和碱金属）对烧结有积极作用，粉煤灰中的莫来石完全分解为二氧化硅和氧化铝，并与氧化镁一起形成尖晶石。这导致改善的微结构和机械性能以及耐热冲击性。特别地，与氧化铝混合物相比，具有10重量％和20重量％的粉煤灰的混合物具有最有希望的结果。断裂模量和耐热冲击性均得到改善，而对耐火性能的影响则最小。这项研究的新颖之处在于，将燃煤发电厂的副产品粉煤灰循环利用为生产镁橄榄石-尖晶石耐火陶瓷的原料。