Faridmarandi S, Khare YP, Naja GM. 2020. Long-term regional nutrient contributions and in-lake water quality trends for Lake Okeechobee. Lake Reserv Manage. XX:XXX–XXX.

A long-term dataset was used to investigate the historical regional changes in Lake Okeechobee water quality from water year 1974 to 2018. During this period, the total phosphorus (TP) load from the northern region to the lake remained statistically stable while the in-lake TP concentrations showed a statistically significant increasing trend, despite decades of state plans to restore this ecosystem. During the investigated period of record, the inflow TP flow weighted mean concentration from the southern region had a slightly higher value of 0.191 mg/L (when compared to the northern region) with a statistically significant increasing trend. The average annual total nitrogen unit area inflow loading (678.6 kg/km²) and flow weighted mean concentration (4.35 mg/L) into Lake Okeechobee from the southern region had the highest levels when compared to other regions. Lake Okeechobee TP sedimentation rate showed a statistically significant decreasing trend indicating a reduction in the capacity of the lake sediments to assimilate phosphorus. Results showed that the lake sediments may become a continuous source of phosphorus in water year 2035. Sustained and long-term efforts on the scale of decades will be required for restoring the lake using a multipronged approach consisting of mainly the implementation of nutrient/fertilizer best management practices and the construction of ∼200 km² of constructed wetlands for a total project cost of US$4.26 billion. Unless a proven cost-effective technology is developed to tackle the legacy TP problem in the lake sediments, a prioritization of state resources is required while focusing on Lake Okeechobee watershed.

Faridmarandi S，Khare YP，Naja GM。2020年。奥基乔比湖的长期区域养分贡献和湖内水质趋势。湖后备管理。XX：XXX–XXX。

长期数据集用于调查1974年至2018年水域奥基乔比湖水质的历史区域变化。在此期间，从北部地区到湖泊的总磷（TP）负荷在统计上保持稳定，而在尽管有数十年的国家计划恢复该生态系统，但湖中TP的浓度仍具有统计学上显着的增长趋势。在调查的记录期间，来自南部地区的流入TP流量加权平均浓度略高于0.191 mg / L（与北部地区相比），具有统计上的显着增长趋势。年平均总氮单位面积入水负荷（678.6 kg / km ²），从南部地区进入奥基乔比湖的流量加权平均浓度（4.35 mg / L）与其他地区相比最高。奥基乔比湖的TP沉降速率显示出统计学上显着的下降趋势，表明湖泊沉积物吸收磷的能力降低。结果表明，湖泊沉积物可能会在2035年的水中成为磷的连续来源。使用多管齐下的方法来恢复湖泊将需要数十年的持续和长期努力，其中主要包括最佳的营养/肥料实施。管理实践和约200 km ²的建设总造价为42.6亿美元。除非开发出一种经验证的具有成本效益的技术来解决湖泊沉积物中的传统TP问题，否则就需要优先考虑国家资源，同时关注奥基乔比湖流域。