Abstract

Chlorpromazine (CPZ) is among the most famous drugs used for the treatment of psychosis such as delusions, hallucinations, schizophrenia, paranoia, or disordered thought in humans. In the present study, the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and oxidative stress parameters in the brain of Clarias gariepinus juveniles exposed to CPZ were investigated. Fish were exposed to 0.53, 1.56, and 2.11 mg/L corresponding to 5, 10, and 20% of the 96 h LC₅₀ of CPZ on C. gariepinus, respectively. The fish brain was sampled on days 1, 7, 14, and after 7-days recovery. Our results indicate that AChE values were significantly higher in exposed groups compared to the control on days 7, 14, and 7-days recovery. The values of lipid peroxidation (LPO), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) increased compared to the control while catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) significantly declined at higher CBZ concentrations. While LPO and CAT returned to the same range as the control values after the 7-day withdrawal from the drug, AChE, SOD, GR, and GPx did not. The use and disposal of CPZ should be strictly regulated to avoid possible ecotoxicological impacts on non-target organisms.

摘要

氯丙嗪 (CPZ) 是用于治疗人类妄想、幻觉、精神分裂症、妄想症或思维障碍等精神病的最著名药物之一。在本研究中，研究了暴露于 CPZ 的章鱼幼鱼大脑中的乙酰胆碱酯酶 (AChE) 活性和氧化应激参数。鱼暴露于 0.53、1.56 和 2.11 mg/L 对应于C.gariepinus CPZ的 96 小时 LC _{50的 5%、10% 和 20%}， 分别。在第 1、7、14 天和 7 天恢复后对鱼脑进行采样。我们的结果表明，在第 7 天、第 14 天和第 7 天恢复时，暴露组的 AChE 值显着高于对照组。与对照相比，脂质过氧化 (LPO)、谷胱甘肽还原酶 (GR) 和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GPx) 的值增加，而过氧化氢酶 (CAT) 和超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD) 在较高的 CBZ 浓度下显着下降。虽然 LPO 和 CAT 在停药 7 天后恢复到与对照值相同的范围，但 AChE、SOD、GR 和 GPx 没有。应严格规范CPZ的使用和处置，避免对非目标生物可能产生的生态毒理学影响。