Serendipita vermifera ssp. bescii, hereafter referred to as S. bescii, is a root‐associated fungus that promotes plant growth in both its native switchgrass host and a variety of monocots and dicots. Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), a dual‐purpose crop, used for both forage and grain production, significantly contributes to the agricultural economies of the Southern Great Plains, USA. In this study, we investigated the influence of S. bescii on growth and transcriptome regulation of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) metabolism in winter wheat. Serendipita bescii significantly improved lateral root growth and forage biomass under a limited N or P regime. Further, S. bescii activated sets of host genes regulating N and P starvation responses. These genes include, root‐specific auxin transport, strigolactone and gibberellin biosynthesis, degradation of phospholipids and biosynthesis of glycerolipid, downregulation of ammonium transport and nitrate assimilation, restriction of protein degradation by autophagy and subsequent N remobilization. All these genes are hypothesized to regulate acquisition, assimilation and remobilization of N and P. Based on transcriptional level gene regulation and physiological responses to N or P limitation, we suggest S. bescii plays a critical role in modulating stress imposed by limitation of these two critical nutrients in winter wheat.

中文翻译：

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Serendipita bescii 在磷和氮饥饿下促进冬小麦生长并调节宿主根转录组

Serendipita vermifera ssp。bescii，以下称为S. bescii，是一种根相关真菌，可促进其天然柳枝稷寄主以及各种单子叶植物和双子叶植物的植物生长。冬小麦 ( Triticum aestivum L.) 是一种两用作物，用于饲料和谷物生产，对美国南部大平原的农业经济做出了重大贡献。在这项研究中，我们调查了S. bescii对冬小麦氮 (N) 和磷 (P) 代谢的生长和转录组调节的影响。Serendipita bescii在有限的 N 或 P 制度下显着改善了侧根生长和草料生物量。此外，S. bescii激活的宿主基因组调节 N 和 P 饥饿反应。这些基因包括根特异性生长素转运、独脚金内酯和赤霉素生物合成、磷脂降解和甘油脂生物合成、铵转运和硝酸盐同化的下调、自噬限制蛋白质降解和随后的氮再动员。假设所有这些基因都调节 N 和 P 的获取、同化和再动员。 基于转录水平基因调控和对 N 或 P 限制的生理反应，我们建议S. bescii在调节由这两种限制施加的压力中发挥关键作用冬小麦的关键营养素。