Background Wuhan, the epicentre of the coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) outbreak, has been locked down on January 23, 2020. We aimed to investigate the barriers to the physical prevention, negative attitudes and anxiety levels. Methods A online cross-sectional survey was conducted with the people living in Wuhan between March 12th and 23rd, 2020. Results Of a total of 2,411 complete responses, the mean and standard deviation (SD) for the total physical prevention barriers score was 19.73 (SD ± 5.3; range 12−45) out of a possible score of 48. Using a cut-off score of 44 for the State-Trait Inventory (STAI) score, 79.9% (95%CI 78.2−81.5) of the participants reported moderate to severe anxiety during the early phase of the outbreak and 51.3% (95%CI 49.2−53.3) reported moderate to severe anxiety after the peak of COVID-19 was over (during the study period). Comparing anxiety levels in the early phase of the outbreak and after the peak of the outbreak, 58.5% (95%CI 56.5−60.5) recorded a decreased anxiety. Females reported a higher likelihood to have decreased levels of anxiety than males (OR=1.78, 95%CI 1.48−2.14). Low negative attitudes score were associated with a higher decrease in anxiety (OR=1.59, 95% CI 1.33−1.89). Conclusions The attitudinal barriers to prevention of transmission of COVID-19 are more prominent than physical prevention barriers after the peak of COVID-19. High anxiety levels even after the peak warrant serious attention.

中文翻译：

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发现在武汉采取预防措施以防止 COVID-19 传播的身体和态度障碍和人们的焦虑程度：封锁后 2 个月

背景武汉是冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 爆发的中心，已于 2020 年 1 月 23 日封锁。我们旨在调查身体预防、消极态度和焦虑水平的障碍。方法对2020年3月12日至23日期间居住在武汉的人群进行在线横断面调查。结果在2411份完整回复中，物理预防障碍总分的平均值和标准差（SD）为19.73（ SD ± 5.3；范围 12−45)，可能的分数为 48。使用状态特征量表 (STAI) 分数的截止分数 44，79.9% (95%CI 78.2−81.5) 的参与者报告爆发早期的中度至重度焦虑和 51.3% (95%CI 49.2−53. 3) 在 COVID-19 高峰期结束后（研究期间）报告中度至重度焦虑。比较爆发初期和爆发高峰后的焦虑水平，58.5% (95%CI 56.5-60.5) 的焦虑水平有所降低。女性报告的焦虑水平降低的可能性高于男性（OR=1.78，95%CI 1.48-2.14）。较低的消极态度得分与焦虑程度的降低有关（OR=1.59，95% CI 1.33-1.89）。结论 在 COVID-19 高峰后，预防 COVID-19 传播的态度障碍比物理预防障碍更为突出。即使在高峰期之后的高焦虑水平也值得认真关注。女性报告的焦虑水平降低的可能性高于男性（OR=1.78，95%CI 1.48-2.14）。较低的消极态度得分与焦虑程度的降低有关（OR=1.59，95% CI 1.33-1.89）。结论 在 COVID-19 高峰后，预防 COVID-19 传播的态度障碍比物理预防障碍更为突出。即使在高峰期之后的高焦虑水平也值得认真关注。女性报告的焦虑水平降低的可能性高于男性（OR=1.78，95%CI 1.48-2.14）。较低的消极态度得分与焦虑程度的降低有关（OR=1.59，95% CI 1.33-1.89）。结论 在 COVID-19 高峰后，预防 COVID-19 传播的态度障碍比物理预防障碍更为突出。即使在高峰期之后的高焦虑水平也值得认真关注。