Abstract Herein, we used a self-assembly method to synthesize novel Cu@h-WO3/WO3·nH2O hierarchical microsphere composites with enhanced photochromism and self-bleaching performance. The composite fabricated with 1.0% Cu-WO displayed a rapid change from light-yellow to dark-gray after 2 min of ultraviolet irradiation and self-bleached in less than 1 h in the dark. Composite samples were characterized to investigate changes in their morphology and structure after being doped with different amounts of Cu. The hierarchical microspheres were composed of small, well-dispersed nanorods that provided active sites capable of absorbing light. Ensuring the proper Cu content in the WO3 lattice promoted the separation of carriers through interfacial charge transfer (IFCT) and prevented the recombination of electron-hole pairs due to excessive doping. Combing hexagonal WO3 with WO3·nH2O and Cu provided unobstructed channels, proton sources, and interactions with W species, which improved the efficiency of proton insertion and extraction. The WO3 hybrid materials described in this research displayed high coloration efficiencies and reversibility and may find applications in solar energy devices.

中文翻译：

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分级微球Cu@h-WO3/WO3·nH2O复合材料光致变色和自漂白性能的合理改性

摘要 在此，我们采用自组装方法合成了具有增强光致变色和自漂白性能的新型 Cu@h-WO3/WO3·nH2O 分级微球复合材料。用 1.0% Cu-WO 制备的复合材料在紫外线照射 2 分钟后显示出从浅黄色到深灰色的快速变化，并在黑暗中不到 1 小时自漂白。对复合样品进行表征，以研究掺杂不同量 Cu 后其形态和结构的变化。分级微球由小的、分散良好的纳米棒组成，这些纳米棒提供了能够吸收光的活性位点。确保 WO3 晶格中适当的 Cu 含量通过界面电荷转移 (IFCT) 促进了载流子的分离，并防止了由于过度掺杂而导致的电子 - 空穴对的复合。六方WO3与WO3·nH2O和Cu的结合提供了通畅的通道、质子源以及与W物质的相互作用，从而提高了质子插入和提取的效率。本研究中描述的 WO3 杂化材料显示出高着色效率和可逆性，可能会在太阳能设备中得到应用。