Rutin, a well-known bioflavonoid, was found abundantly in cassava leaves. In the present study, extraction techniques including maceration, boiling, reflux, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) were optimised to increase the yield of rutin. Extraction parameters such as solvents, solid-liquid ratio, temperature, and time were optimised to give better extraction yields for each method. HPLC analysis showed a high content of rutin which is up to 2.4% per dry weight of cassava leaves. The extraction yields under optimised condition were found to be 16.00 ± 0.21, 20.38 ± 0.66, 22.33 ± 2.3, 24.49 ± 0.41, and 23.37 ± 1.00 g rutin per kg dry weight for maceration, boiling, reflux, UAE and MAE methods, respectively. Specifically, UAE reduced the extraction time to 90 min, using only 40–60% of aqueous ethanol. Meanwhile, MAE completed the extraction under 5 min and no significant differences in output was observed between the use of water and aqueous ethanol. Accordingly, with the extraction efficiency of up to 99 and 94%, respectively, both processes provided better results. The subsequent green purification using chilling method produced a typical cassava bioflavonoid containing 82% of rutin and 17% of nicotiflorin. This study informs a new abundant source of rutin and provides the optimum condition of extraction methods for high yield of rutin from cassava leaves.

木薯叶中大量发现芦丁，一种著名的生物类黄酮。在本研究中，提取技术包括浸软，煮沸，回流，超声辅助提取（UAE）和微波辅助提取（MAE）进行了优化，以提高芦丁的收率。优化了萃取参数，例如溶剂，固液比，温度和时间，以使每种方法的萃取率更高。HPLC分析表明，芦丁的含量很高，每木薯干重为2.4％。在浸渍，煮沸，回流，UAE和MAE方法下，在最佳条件下的提取产率分别为每千克干重16.00±0.21、20.38±0.66、22.33±2.3、24.49±0.41和23.37±1.00 g芦丁。具体而言，阿联酋仅使用40-60％的乙醇水溶液将提取时间缩短至90分钟。同时，MAE在5分钟内完成了萃取，使用水和乙醇水溶液的产量没有显着差异。因此，两种方法的提取效率分别高达99％和94％。随后使用冷却方法进行绿色纯化，得到了一种典型的木薯生物类黄酮，其中含有82％的芦丁和17％的烟碱。这项研究提供了一种新的丰富的芦丁来源，并为从木薯叶中获得高产量的芦丁提供了最佳的提取方法条件。随后使用冷却方法进行绿色纯化，得到了一种典型的木薯生物类黄酮，其中含有82％的芦丁和17％的烟碱。这项研究提供了一种新的丰富的芦丁来源，并为从木薯叶中获得高产量的芦丁提供了最佳的提取方法条件。随后使用冷却方法进行绿色纯化，得到了一种典型的木薯生物类黄酮，其中含有82％的芦丁和17％的烟碱。这项研究提供了一种新的丰富的芦丁来源，并为从木薯叶中获得高产量的芦丁提供了最佳的提取方法条件。