This study conducted the sorption and biodegradation of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) by microbial biofilm communities developed on proxies for materials typically found in soils. The half-life of BaP was 4.7 and 2.3 weeks for biofilms on the inorganic carrier (BC_INOR, montmorillonite) and on the organic carrier (BC_OR, humic acid), respectively. In contrast, the half-life was 7.0 weeks for specialized planktonic cultures (PK). The exposure to BaP caused the development of lipid inclusion bodies inside the bacteria of the PK systems and biofilms of the BC_INOR, but not on the biofilms of the BC_OR system. Interestingly, the BC_OR displayed not only the greatest BaP sorption capacity but also the greatest bacterial density and membrane integrity and the shortest bacteria-to-bacteria distances, which were consistent with the increased production of cell surface extracellular polymeric substances on the BC_OR. Both carriers caused a noticeable shift in the bacterial genera during the biodegradation of the BaP. The BC_INOR selected for Rhodococcus, Brucella, Chitinophaga, and Labrys, whereas the BC_OR favored Rhodococcus and Dokdonella. It indicated that ultra-structure and BaP degradation within the organic carrier-attached biofilms differed from the inorganic ones, and suggested that the microstructural heterogeneity and microbial biodiversity from biofilms on the organic carrier promoted biodegradation.

这项研究通过在土壤中典型存在的材料的代理附近开发的微生物生物膜群落进行了苯并[a] py（BaP）的吸附和生物降解。对于无机载体（BC _INOR，蒙脱土）和有机载体（BC _OR，腐殖酸）上的生物膜，BaP的半衰期分别为4.7和2.3周。相比之下，特殊浮游文化（PK）的半衰期为7.0周。暴露于BaP会导致PK系统细菌内和BC _INOR生物膜上脂质包涵体的发展，而不是BC _OR系统生物膜上的脂质包涵体。有趣的是，BC _OR不仅显示出最大的BaP吸附能力，而且显示出最大的细菌密度和膜完整性以及最短的细菌到细菌距离，这与BC _OR上细胞表面细胞外聚合物的增加产量相一致。两种载体在BaP的生物降解过程中均引起细菌属的明显转移。BC _INOR选择了红球菌，布鲁氏菌，几丁质和拉贝斯，而BC _OR则偏爱红球菌和独角兽。。这表明与有机载体结合的生物膜内的超微结构和BaP降解与无机膜不同，并表明有机载体上生物膜的微结构异质性和微生物生物多样性促进了生物降解。