Abstract In continuation of our work on genus Euphorbia, the phytochemical investigation of ethyl acetate fraction of the aerial parts of Euphorbia geniculata Ortega (Eg) family Euphorbiaceae revealed the isolation and identification of eight polyphenolic compounds; gallic acid (1), ellagic acid (2), quercetin-3-O-rutinoside) (rutin) (3), quercetin-3-O-glucopyranoside-7-O-rhamnoside (4), quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside (5), quercetin-3-O-β-D- glucopyranoside (6), and quercetin-3-O-β-D-arabinoside (7) and quercetin (8) using spectrophotometric and physicochemical analysis. Quantitative estimation of total flavonoids and phenolics contents were carried out for total methanolic extract. Biological activities of ethyl acetate fraction including nephroprotective and antioxidant activities were evaluated for the first time. The nephroprotective potential of Eg was evaluated in male rats with thioacetamide induced kidney injury. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH method. Results; Quantitative estimation of total phenolics and flavonoids content in the total methanolic extract of Eg revealed high phenolics content (285.4 mg GAE /gm extract) in comparison with flavonoids content (36.9 mg RE /gm extract). Isolation and characterization of eight polyphenolic compounds. The nephroprotictive activity was studied using thioacetamide as nephrotoxicant agent resulted in marked nephrotoxicity. While pretreatment of rats with ethyl acetate fraction of Eg significantly attenuated the nephrotoxicity through alteration of kidney biomarkers, improving the redox status of the tissue and so brought the serum biochemical parameters nearly toward the normal levels. The study revealed significant antioxidant activity of Eg in comparison with ascorbic acid. Conclusion; The results suggested that E. geniculata Ortega ethyl acetate fraction could be used in future therapy as nephroprotective and antioxidant drugs of natural source.

中文翻译：

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大戟科大戟科乙酸乙酯馏分的肾脏保护和抗氧化活性

摘要 为了继续我们对大戟属的研究，对大戟科大戟属植物地上部分乙酸乙酯部分的植物化学研究揭示了八种多酚化合物的分离和鉴定；没食子酸 (1), 鞣花酸 (2), quercetin-3-O-rutinoside) (rutin) (3), quercetin-3-O-glucopyranoside-7-O-rhamnoside (4), quercetin-3-O-鼠李糖苷 (5)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷 (6) 和槲皮素-3-O-β-D-阿拉伯糖苷 (7) 和槲皮素 (8) 使用分光光度法和物理化学分析。对总甲醇提取物进行了总黄酮和酚类物质含量的定量估计。首次评估了乙酸乙酯组分的生物学活性，包括肾保护和抗氧化活性。在具有硫代乙酰胺诱导的肾损伤的雄性大鼠中评估了 Eg 的肾保护潜力。使用DPPH方法评估抗氧化活性。结果; 与类黄酮含量（36.9 mg RE/gm 提取物）相比，Eg 的总甲醇提取物中总酚类和类黄酮含量的定量估计显示出较高的酚类含量（285.4 mg GAE /gm 提取物）。八种多酚化合物的分离和表征。使用硫代乙酰胺作为肾毒剂研究了肾促进活性，导致显着的肾毒性。虽然用 Eg 的乙酸乙酯部分预处理大鼠通过改变肾脏生物标志物显着减弱了肾毒性，改善了组织的氧化还原状态，从而使血清生化参数接近正常水平。研究表明，与抗坏血酸相比，Eg 具有显着的抗氧化活性。结论; 结果表明，E. geniculata Ortega 乙酸乙酯组分可作为天然来源的肾保护和抗氧化药物用于未来的治疗。