Endometritis represents the main cause of reproductive failure in dromedary camels. In dromedary camels, associations between endometritis-causing pathogen-species, disease severity, and systemic changes in the immune system have not been evaluated. In the current study, there was use of flow cytometry and immunofluorescence of membrane proteins for the evaluation of leukocyte subsets and the cellular phenotype in blood of camels with clinical endometritis and evaluations of associations with disease severity and endometritis-causing pathogens. Animals with endometritis had markedly larger numbers of total leukocytes and neutrophils. Although total lymphocyte and monocyte counts did not differ between camels with and without clinical endometritis, there were lesser numbers of total and effector CD4-positive T cells in camels with endometritis. Among monocytes, number of camel inflammatory monocytes (Mo-II) was markedly greater, whereas Mo-III numbers were less in the blood of camels with clinical endometritis. Number of inflammatory monocytes was also indicative of endometritis severity grade. Among camels with clinical endometritis, E. coli- and S. aureus-infected animals had similar endometritis grades and comparable phenotype and composition patterns of leukocytes. Neutrophils and monocytes of camels with clinical endometritis had fewer cell adhesion molecules (i.e., CD11a and CD18). Collectively, the results from the current study allowed for identification of associations between endometritis severity grade and larger numbers of inflammatory monocytes. The results also indicate there is no association between endometritis pathogen-species and changes in phenotype or composition of blood leukocytes.

子宫内膜炎是单峰骆驼生殖失败的主要原因。在单峰骆驼中，尚未评估引起子宫内膜炎的病原体种类、疾病严重程度和免疫系统的全身变化之间的关联。在目前的研究中，使用流式细胞术和膜蛋白免疫荧光来评估患有临床子宫内膜炎的骆驼血液中的白细胞亚群和细胞表型，并评估与疾病严重程度和引起子宫内膜炎的病原体的关联。患有子宫内膜炎的动物的总白细胞和中性粒细胞数量明显增多。尽管有和没有临床子宫内膜炎的骆驼的总淋巴细胞和单核细胞计数没有差异，但患有子宫内膜炎的骆驼的总和效应 CD4 阳性 T 细胞数量较少。在单核细胞中，骆驼炎性单核细胞 (Mo-II) 的数量显着增加，而在患有临床子宫内膜炎的骆驼血液中，Mo-III 的数量较少。炎性单核细胞的数量也指示子宫内膜炎的严重程度。在患有临床子宫内膜炎的骆驼中，大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌感染的动物具有相似的子宫内膜炎等级和相似的白细胞表型和组成模式。患有临床子宫内膜炎的骆驼的中性粒细胞和单核细胞具有较少的细胞粘附分子（即 CD11a 和 CD18）。总的来说，当前研究的结果允许确定子宫内膜炎严重程度与大量炎症单核细胞之间的关联。结果还表明，子宫内膜炎病原体种类与血液白细胞的表型或组成变化之间没有关联。