In recent years, current-sensing dc-SQUIDs have enabled the application of noise thermometry at ultralow temperatures. A major advantage of noise thermometry is the fact that no driving current is needed to operate the device and thus the heat dissipation within the thermometer can be reduced to a minimum. Such devices can be used either in primary or relative primary mode and cover typically several orders of magnitude in temperature extending into the low microkelvin regime. Here we will review recent advances of noise thermometry for ultralow temperatures.

中文翻译：

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超低温噪声测温

近年来，电流感应 dc-SQUID 使噪声测温在超低温下的应用成为可能。噪声温度计的一个主要优点是不需要驱动电流来操作设备，因此可以将温度计内的散热降至最低。这样的设备可以在初级或相对初级模式下使用，并且通常覆盖延伸到低微开尔文范围的几个数量级的温度。在这里，我们将回顾超低温噪声测温的最新进展。