Background

Transmission of pathogens such as fecal coliforms is regarded as a significant concern about using livestock manure in agricultural applications.

Purpose

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of vermicomposting on fecal coliforms in cow manure containing co-trimoxazole as a widely used drug for cow diseases in animal husbandry.

Methods

Adaptation process of earthworms was carried out in two phases for 6 weeks; then, the main process was fulfilled in 9 weeks. The final weight of cow manure per reactor was 3.5 kg. 120 g of earthworms added to each reactor (approximately 280-300 numbers in the reactor). Co-trimoxazole was also prepared with a purity of 99% from Pakdarou Co., Iran, and added to the reactors at concentrations of 10, 20, 50, and100mg/kg. Organic carbon, total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), carbon-to-nitrogen (C:N) ratio, as well as phosphorus content of the reactors were measured. Fecal coliforms and parasite eggs were counted using standard laboratory methods (i.e. the Iranian Compost Standard) for 8 weeks.

Results

The results revealed a decrease in organic carbon, C:N ratio, and co-trimoxazole content but a rising trend in TKN and phosphorus levels. The weight of earthworms also increased at the end of the process in all reactors, except for one case. A significant reduction was observed in fecal coliforms and parasite eggs at the end of the vermicomposting.

Conclusions

According to the results, earthworms could be active in cow manure vermicomposting including 10-100 mg/kg concentration of co-trimoxazole antibiotic. The vermicomposting seems to be an effective method for reducing fecal coliforms and parasites in cow manure. As well, co-trimoxazole in common concentration could not have any effects on the ability of earthworms. At the end of the vermicomposting, all parameters were placed within the ICS (National) - Grade 1.

中文翻译：

---

评价含有复方新诺明的牛粪蚯蚓堆肥过程中微生物种群和蚯蚓重量的变化

背景

粪便大肠菌群等病原体的传播被认为是在农业应用中使用牲畜粪便的一个重要问题。

目的

本研究的目的是评估蚯蚓堆肥对含有复方新诺明的牛粪大肠菌群的影响，复方新诺明是畜牧业中广泛使用的治疗牛病的药物。

方法

蚯蚓的适应过程分两个阶段进行，为期6周；然后，主要过程在9周内完成。每个反应器的牛粪最终重量为 3.5 kg。每个反应器中加入 120 克蚯蚓（反应器中大约有 280-300 个数量）。复方新诺明也由伊朗 Pakdarou Co. 制备，纯度为 99%，并以 10、20、50 和 100mg/kg 的浓度添加到反应器中。测量了反应器的有机碳、总凯氏氮 (TKN)、碳氮比 (C:N) 以及磷含量。使用标准实验室方法（即伊朗堆肥标准）对粪便大肠菌群和寄生虫卵计数 8 周。

结果

结果显示有机碳、C:N 比和复方新诺明含量下降，但 TKN 和磷水平呈上升趋势。在所有反应器的过程结束时，蚯蚓的重量也增加了，除了一个案例。在蚯蚓堆肥结束时观察到粪便大肠菌群和寄生虫卵显着减少。

结论

根据结果​​，蚯蚓在牛粪蚯蚓堆肥中可能有活性，包括10-100 mg/kg浓度的复方新诺明抗生素。蚯蚓堆肥似乎是减少牛粪中粪大肠菌群和寄生虫的有效方法。同样，共同浓度的复方新诺明对蚯蚓的能力没有任何影响。在蚯蚓堆肥结束时，所有参数都放在 ICS（国家） - 1 级内。