The Smallmouth Bass (Micropterus dolomieu; SMB) is a widely distributed black bass species, but the southwestern edge of the species range within the Interior Highlands contains some of the most divergent ecotypes. The Neosho subspecies (M. d. velox) inhabits tributaries of the Arkansas River within the Ozark Mountains and a second lineage is reported from drainages of the Ouachita Mountains. We sought to develop a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) panel to (1) diagnose hybridization with sympatric Spotted Bass (Micropterus punctulatus; SPB) and non-native Northern SMB (M. d. dolomieu) stocked in the region, and (2) delineate population structure within the ranges of the Neosho and Ouachita SMB lineages. We obtained 76 individual SMB samples from across their range but concentrated within the Interior Highlands (n = 50). We also included 3 SPB to allow for hybrid detection and 3 Shoal Bass (Micropterus cataractae) as an outgroup. Phylogenetic trees constructed with the generated SNP data corroborated the existence of at least three major lineages of SMB (Northern, Neosho, and Ouachita), each containing varying degrees of differentiation among major drainages. Simulation analyses revealed that chosen SNPs had high power (> 0.9) to assign SMB × SPB hybrid categories and similarly high power (> 0.8) for Northern SMB × Interior Highlands SMB hybrids. Clustering methods delineated major inter-basin population structure within the native ranges of Neosho and Ouachita SMB with chosen SNPs. Anticipated uses of the resulting 192-loci SNP panel include conservation planning, fisheries management assessments, and ecological investigations of the Neosho and Ouachita SMB lineages.

小嘴鲈（Micropterus dolomieu ; SMB）是分布广泛的黑鲈物种，但在内陆高地范围内该物种的西南边缘包含一些最不同的生态型。Neosho亚种（M. d。velox）居住在Ozark山脉内的阿肯色河支流，据报道，在Ouachita山脉的排水系统中有第二种血统。我们试图建立一个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）面板，以（1）诊断与同伴斑点鲈（Micropterus punctulatus ; SPB）和非本地北部SMB（M. d。dolomieu）的杂交），以及（2）描绘Neosho和Ouachita SMB血统的范围内的人口结构。我们从其范围内获得了76个SMB样本，但集中在内陆高地（n  = 50）中。我们还包括3个SPB以进行混合检测和3个浅滩低音（Micropterus cataractae）作为小组。用生成的SNP数据构建的系统发育树证实了SMB的至少三个主要谱系的存在（北部，新绍和瓦希托），每个谱系在主要排水系统中的分化程度不同。仿真分析表明，选定的SNP具有高功率（> 0.9）来分配SMB×SPB混合动力类别，而北部SMB×内陆高地SMB混合动力具有类似的高功率（> 0.8）。聚类方法描述了在Neosho和Ouachita SMB天然范围内具有选定SNP的主要流域间种群结构。由此产生的192个位置的SNP面板的预期用途包括保护计划，渔业管理评估以及Neosho和Ouachita SMB血统的生态调查。