Deep submicron conventional complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology is facing various issues such as high static power consumption due to the increasing leakage currents. In recent years, spin-based technologies like magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJ) have emerged and shown some fascinating features to overcome the aforesaid issues of CMOS technology. The hybrid MTJ/CMOS circuits offer low power consumption, nonvolatility, and high performance. This paper proposes two novel hybrid MTJ/CMOS approximate full-adder circuits (AXMA) for low power approximate computing-in-memory architectures. The proposed AXMAs offer low area, high sensing speed, considerable lower energy consumption, and the lowest power delay product (PDP) than the considered antecedent counterparts. The proposed AXMAs also introduce the advantage of full nonvolatility to the systems. This feature allows the system to be powered off during the idle modes in order to reduce the static power without the need for any retention parts or loss of data. Applications of the proposed AXMAs in digital image processing and their effect on the quality of images considering some relevant metrics like peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and mean structural similarity (MSSIM) are also investigated using the MATLAB software.

中文翻译：

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用于内存计算图像处理的非易失、基于自旋和低功耗的不精确全加器电路

深亚微米传统互补金属氧化物半导体 (CMOS) 技术正面临各种问题，例如由于漏电流增加而导致的高静态功耗。近年来，磁性隧道结（MTJ）等基于自旋的技术已经出现，并显示出一些令人着迷的特性，以克服上述 CMOS 技术的问题。混合 MTJ/CMOS 电路提供低功耗、非易失性和高性能。本文提出了两种新颖的混合 MTJ/CMOS 近似全加器电路 (AXMA)，用于低功耗近似内存计算架构。与所考虑的先前同类产品相比，所提出的 AXMA 具有低面积、高传感速度、相当低的能耗和最低的功率延迟积 (PDP)。提议的 AXMA 还为系统引入了完全非易失性的优势。此功能允许系统在空闲模式下关闭，以降低静态功耗，而无需任何保留部分或数据丢失。还使用 MATLAB 软件研究了所提出的 AXMA 在数字图像处理中的应用及其对图像质量的影响，考虑到峰值信噪比 (PSNR) 和平均结构相似性 (MSSIM) 等一些相关指标。