In this review, we introduce various magnetic biosensors that have been developed. We first explain the advantages of magnetic biosensing and their general operating principles as well as the biolabeling technique for magnetic nanoparticles. Next, we focus on magnetoresistive biosensing technologies because magnetoresistive biosensors will be an essential development direction due to the demand for miniaturization and portable lab-on-a-chip devices. The magnetoresistive effects employed in biosensing include anisotropic magnetoresistance, giant magnetoresistance and tunneling magnetoresistance. In addition to magnetoresistive sensors, the advantages and disadvantages of some nonmagnetoresistive magnetic biosensors are discussed and compared. Finally, we introduce research on integrating magnetic biosensors into the microfluidic laboratory-on-a-chip systems and comment on future development trends.

中文翻译：

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用于直接检测芯片上磁性纳米颗粒共轭生物标志物的磁阻生物传感器

在这篇综述中，我们介绍了已开发的各种磁性生物传感器。我们首先解释了磁性生物传感的优势及其一般操作原理以及磁性纳米粒子的生物标记技术。接下来，我们专注于磁阻生物传感技术，因为由于对小型化和便携式芯片实验室设备的需求，磁阻生物传感器将成为一个重要的发展方向。生物传感中采用的磁阻效应包括各向异性磁阻、巨磁阻和隧道磁阻。除磁阻传感器外，还讨论和比较了一些非磁阻磁性生物传感器的优缺点。最后，