Abstract This paper analyses the consequences of responsibilization for women in natural resource management in Southern Tanzania. Participatory forest management (PFM) and Participatory Land Use Planning in Southern Tanzania provide a case study to interrogate how responsibilization impacts on the existing social order in a given community. As the study findings show, participatory initiatives have not fully reached rural women who are still under-represented and insufficiently equipped to participate in public decision-making, which maintains women's marginalization. In Tanzania there has been progress in community rights for forest management. Following the Forest Policy (1998) and Forest Act (2002), Tanzanian villages can establish Village Land Forest Reserves and manage and utilize natural resources for the benefit of the community. The success of decentralized forest governance depends on the interplay between power, authority and social relations. This is determined by the capacity of communities to participate and by the government's responsiveness to the people's voice. Based on our case study, women do not have equal opportunities to raise their voice like men, and women are marginalized in the decisions made about forest management and in the distribution of benefits from the natural resources with which their communities are endowed. This has policy implications in the sense that processes and structures of decentralized forest governance seem unable to address the needs of women.

中文翻译：

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妇女在参与式森林管理中的边缘化：坦桑尼亚责任化的影响

摘要 本文分析了坦桑尼亚南部妇女在自然资源管理中承担责任的后果。坦桑尼亚南部的参与式森林管理 (PFM) 和参与式土地利用规划提供了一个案例研究，以询问责任如何影响特定社区的现有社会秩序。正如研究结果所显示的那样，参与性举措尚未完全惠及农村妇女，她们的代表人数仍然不足，参与公共决策的能力不足，这使妇女处于边缘化状态。在坦桑尼亚，在森林管理的社区权利方面取得了进展。遵循森林政策（1998 年）和森林法（2002 年），坦桑尼亚村庄可以建立乡村土地森林保护区并管理和利用自然资源以造福社区。分散式森林治理的成功取决于权力、权威和社会关系之间的相互作用。这取决于社区参与的能力以及政府对人民声音的响应能力。根据我们的案例研究，女性不像男性一样有平等的发言机会，女性在森林管理决策和社区所拥有的自然资源的利益分配中被边缘化。这具有政策含义，因为分散的森林治理的过程和结构似乎无法满足妇女的需求。这取决于社区参与的能力以及政府对人民声音的响应能力。根据我们的案例研究，女性不像男性一样有平等的发言机会，女性在森林管理决策和社区所拥有的自然资源的利益分配中被边缘化。这具有政策含义，因为分散的森林治理的过程和结构似乎无法满足妇女的需求。这取决于社区参与的能力以及政府对人民声音的响应能力。根据我们的案例研究，女性不像男性一样有平等的发言机会，女性在森林管理决策和社区所拥有的自然资源的利益分配中被边缘化。这具有政策含义，因为分散的森林治理的过程和结构似乎无法满足妇女的需求。妇女在有关森林管理的决策和分配其社区所拥有的自然资源的利益方面被边缘化。这具有政策含义，因为分散的森林治理的过程和结构似乎无法满足妇女的需求。妇女在有关森林管理的决策和分配其社区所拥有的自然资源的利益方面被边缘化。这具有政策含义，即权力下放的森林治理的过程和结构似乎无法满足妇女的需求。