Abstract A rigid-mass vehicle model with wheels modelled as unsprung mass is newly proposed considering the pitching effect, which enables us to obtain the first three bridge frequencies from the vehicle’s spectrum even in the presence of surface irregularity and damping. As the vehicle moves along the bridge, it generally confronts a bumpy ride due to the presence of surface irregularity. To investigate the up and down of the vehicle body on the identification of frequencies, the use of rigid-mass vehicle model was introduced in the literature. Nevertheless, such a simple model cannot accurately capture the dynamic responses of vehicle and bridge. To this end, this work comes out a three-mass vehicle model by including a rigid-mass and two unsprung masses. Important factors such as unsprung mass, vehicle damping, bridge damping, and surface irregularity are discussed. The pitching effect is unveiled by considering three different locations for installing sensors in the vehicle body. The numerical simulation shows that the proposed vehicle-bridge interaction system is able to identify vehicle’s vertical and rotational frequencies if the sensor is installed in the suitable locations of vehicle body.

中文翻译：

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用于分析车桥相互作用的三质量车辆模型的俯仰效应

摘要 考虑到俯仰效应，我们新提出了一种车轮为非簧载质量的刚体车辆模型，即使在存在表面不规则和阻尼的情况下，我们也能从车辆频谱中获得前三个桥频率。当车辆沿桥行驶时，由于表面不规则的存在，它通常会遇到颠簸。为了研究车身上下对频率的识别，文献中引入了刚体车辆模型的使用。然而，这样一个简单的模型并不能准确地捕捉车辆和桥梁的动态响应。为此，这项工作推出了一个三质量车辆模型，包括一个刚性质量和两个非簧载质量。重要因素如簧下质量、车辆阻尼、桥梁阻尼、和表面不规则性进行了讨论。通过考虑在车身中安装传感器的三个不同位置，揭示了俯仰效应。数值模拟表明，如果传感器安装在车身合适的位置，所提出的车桥交互系统能够识别车辆的垂直和旋转频率。