Abstract This study evaluated the effects of replacing fish meal (FM) with defatted silkworm pupae meal (SPM) on growth, diet digestibility, antioxidant capacity, hepatopancreas histology and molting process in Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). A basal diet was formulated to contain 24% FM, then 25, 50, 75 or 100% of FM was substituted with SPM referred to as FM, SPM25, SPM50, SPM75 and SPM100 diets, respectively. Quadruplicate groups (36 shrimp per replicate) of shrimp (0.2 ± 0.02 g) were fed the test diets to apparent satiation three times daily for eight weeks. No significant difference (P > .05) in growth performance could be found among FM and SPM groups. Apparent digestibility coefficients of dry matter, gross energy and phosphorous were significantly improved by SPM inclusion. Serum antioxidant parameters including total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde concentration were beneficially influenced by SMP inclusion. Higher number of B-cells and lower number of E-cells were detected in hepatopancreatic tubules of SPM100 group compared to the other groups. Moreover, total replacement of FM triggered separation of basal membrane and greater interstitial spaces between the hepatopancreatic tubules. Molting time significantly decreased when FM was entirely replaced with SPM. Also, chitin deacetylase activity was enhanced in SPM100 group, but β-N-Acetyl- d -glucosaminidase activity, and expression of ecdysteroid receptor and retinoid X receptor remained unchanged. To conclude, the entire replacement of FM with SPM did not influence shrimp growth, and its beneficial impacts were found on diet digestibility, antioxidant capacity and molting time. However, the substitution level is recommended to be restricted to 75% as total replacement led to shrinkage of hepatopancreatic cells.

中文翻译：

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用脱脂蚕（Bombyx mori L.）蛹粉替代太平洋白虾（Litopenaeus vannamei）日粮中的鱼粉

摘要 本研究评估了用脱脂蚕蛹粉（SPM）替代鱼粉（FM）对南美白对虾（Litopenaeus vannamei）生长、饲料消化率、抗氧化能力、肝胰腺组织学和蜕皮过程的影响。基础日粮配制成含有 24% FM，然后用 SPM 替代 25、50、75 或 100% FM，分别称为 FM、SPM25、SPM50、SPM75 和 SPM100 日粮。将虾 (0.2 ± 0.02 g) 的四份重复组（每个重复 36 只虾）喂食测试日粮至明显饱腹感，每天 3 次，持续八周。FM 和 SPM 组的生长性能没有显着差异（P > .05）。SPM 的加入显着提高了干物质、总能和磷的表观消化率系数。包括总抗氧化能力和丙二醛浓度在内的血清抗氧化参数受到 SMP 加入的有益影响。与其他组相比，SPM100 组的肝胰管中检测到更多的 B 细胞和更少的 E 细胞。此外，FM 的完全替代引发了基底膜的分离和肝胰管之间更大的间质空间。当 FM 完全被 SPM 取代时，蜕皮时间显着减少。此外，SPM100组几丁质脱乙酰酶活性增强，但β-N-乙酰-d-氨基葡萄糖苷酶活性、蜕皮激素受体和类视黄醇X受体的表达保持不变。总而言之，用 SPM 完全替代 FM 不会影响虾的生长，并且发现其对饲料消化率的有益影响，抗氧化能力和蜕皮时间。然而，建议将替代水平限制在 75%，因为总替代导致肝胰腺细胞收缩。