Species of the cyprinid genus Gobio Cuvier, 1816 are widely distributed in freshwater lakes and rivers in Turkey, which is a hotspot for freshwater fish diversity and endemism. The mitochondrial 16S, coxI and cytb genes were sequenced for 217 individuals representing 15 species of Gobio from Turkey. A total of 23 haplotypes were identified for each mitochondrial gene. The genetic distance matrices show that Turkish Gobio species are clustered into three groups (northwestern, central and northeastern Anatolia). Phylogenetic trees constructed with combined dataset by using maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods revealed that the Turkish Gobio species belongs to three well-supported groups in accordance with their geographic distribution: Group I comprises species found in Central Anatolia, Group II species ranging from eastern Thrace to western Anatolia (northwestern Group) and Group III contains only one species from Western Transcaucasia (northeastern Group). The estimated divergence times between the three Gobio groups, calculated using a conventional 1% rate of mutation for a fish mitochondrial cytb gene per million years, coincide with the late Miocene period in which the tectonic uplift of Anatolia and global climate fluctuations occurred. The relatively low genetic distance between Gobio species in the Turkish Lake District indicate that they are not good species.

中文翻译：

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土耳其 Gobio (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) 属的线粒体系统发育和生物地理学

鲤科鱼类Gobio Cuvier, 1816 广泛分布于土耳其的淡水湖泊和河流中，是淡水鱼类多样性和特有性的热点地区。对代表来自土耳其的 15 种 Gobio 的 217 个个体的线粒体 16S、coxI 和 cytb 基因进行了测序。每个线粒体基因共鉴定出 23 个单倍型。遗传距离矩阵显示土耳其戈比奥物种分为三组（安纳托利亚西北部、中部和东北部）。通过使用最大简约、最大似然和贝叶斯推理方法构建的组合数据集的系统发育树表明，土耳其戈比奥物种根据其地理分布属于三个支持良好的组：第一组包括在安纳托利亚中部发现的物种 从色雷斯东部到安纳托利亚西部（西北组）的第 II 组物种，而第 III 组仅包含来自西外高加索（东北组）的一个物种。三个 Gobio 组之间的估计分歧时间，使用每百万年鱼线粒体 cytb 基因的常规 1% 突变率计算，与安纳托利亚构造隆起和全球气候波动发生的中新世晚期相吻合。土耳其湖区戈比奥物种之间的遗传距离相对较低，表明它们不是好物种。使用每百万年鱼线粒体 cytb 基因的常规 1% 突变率计算，与发生安纳托利亚构造隆升和全球气候波动的中新世晚期相吻合。土耳其湖区戈比奥物种之间的遗传距离相对较低，表明它们不是好物种。使用每百万年鱼线粒体 cytb 基因的常规 1% 突变率计算，与发生安纳托利亚构造隆升和全球气候波动的中新世晚期相吻合。土耳其湖区戈比奥物种之间的遗传距离相对较低，表明它们不是好物种。