Modular value of an observable of a pre- and postselected quantum system is a concept similar to weak value, but in contrast to describing only weak coupling, it can describe the coupling of any strength but only for qubit meters, so it may be used more widely in some scenarios. Besides, modular value has been proved to have advantages on measuring weak values of nonlocal joint observables and nonlocal entanglement states. In this paper, we extend the work of J. S. Lundeen and K. J. Reschb on connection between the measured values of multiparticle observables of a pre- and postselected quantum system and annihilation operator by modular value and give their relation. Based on the above, we propose a new method different from tomography to measure modular values, and we find that our annihilation operator measurement (AOM) method can significantly reduce the number of measurements from O (4 n ) to O (2 n ) compared with the original...

中文翻译：

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测量模块值并连接到the灭运算符

预选和后选量子系统的可观测值的模值与弱值相似，但是与仅描述弱耦合的描述相反，它可以描述任何强度的耦合，但仅适用于量子位计，因此可以使用更多在某些情况下广泛使用。此外，已经证明了模数值在测量非局部联合观测值和非局部纠缠态的弱值方面具有优势。在本文中，我们扩展了JS Lundeen和KJ Reschb在预选和后选量子系统的多粒子可观观测值与an灭算符的测量值之间通过模数值联系起来的工作，并给出了它们之间的关系。基于以上所述，我们提出了一种不同于层析成像的新方法来测量模块值，