Brazil is the world’s leading coffee exporter, contributing billions of dollars to the global food economy. Yet, a majority of Brazilian coffee farms are operated by ‘smallholders’, producers with relatively small properties and primarily reliant on family labor. While previous work indicates that climate change will decrease the area suitable for coffee production in Brazil, no study has assessed the impacts of climate change on coffee yields or the relative exposure and vulnerability of coffee producing regions to changes in climate hazards (climate-associated losses in yield). To address these knowledge gaps, we assess the sensitivity of coffee yields to temperature and precipitation variation from 1974 to 2017 to map coffee climate hazards. Next, we identify which coffee producing regions in Brazil have the highest exposure to climate hazards due to high dependence of coffee production as a proportion of agricultural area. Finally, we generate a Vulnerability Index to identi...

中文翻译：

---

气候对巴西咖啡生产的风险

巴西是世界领先的咖啡出口国，为全球食品经济贡献了数十亿美元。但是，巴西的大多数咖啡农场都是由“小农”经营的，这些小农的财产相对较小，主要依靠家庭劳动。尽管先前的工作表明气候变化将减少巴西的适合咖啡生产的面积，但尚无研究评估气候变化对咖啡产量的影响或咖啡生产地区相对易受气候危害变化（气候相关损失）的影响和脆弱性产量）。为了解决这些知识差距，我们评估了1974年至2017年咖啡产量对温度和降水变化的敏感性，以绘制咖啡气候危害图。下一个，我们确定了巴西的哪个咖啡生产地区受到气候危害的影响最大，这归因于咖啡产量对农业面积的高度依赖。最后，我们生成一个漏洞索引来识别...