Water quality monitoring (WQM) systems seek to ensure high data precision, data accuracy, timely reporting, easy accessibility of data, and completeness. The conventional monitoring systems are inadequate when used to detect contaminants/pollutants in real time and cannot meet the stringent requirements of high precision for WQM systems. In this work, we employed the different types of wireless sensor nodes to monitor the water quality in real time. Our approach used an energy-efficient data transmission schedule and harvested energy using solar panels to prolong the node lifetime. The study took place at the Weija intake in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. The Weija dam intake serves as a significant water source to the Weija treatment plant which supplies treated water to the people of Greater Accra and parts of Central regions of Ghana. Smart water sensors and smart water ion sensor devices from Libelium were deployed at the intake to measure physical and chemical parameters. The sensed data obtained at the central repository revealed a pH value of 7. Conductivity levels rose from 196 S/cm to 225 S/cm. Calcium levels rose to about 3.5 mg/L and dropped to about 0.16 mg/L. The temperature of the river was mainly around 35°C to 36°C. We observed fluoride levels between 1.24 mg/L and 1.9 mg/L. The oxygen content rose from the negative DO to reach 8 mg/L. These results showed a significant effect on plant and aquatic life.

中文翻译：

---

使用无线传感器网络进行智能河流监控

水质监测（WQM）系统寻求确保较高的数据精度，数据准确性，及时报告，易于访问的数据以及完整性。当用于实时检测污染物/污染物时，传统的监视系统是不够的，并且不能满足WQM系统对高精度的严格要求。在这项工作中，我们采用了不同类型的无线传感器节点来实时监控水质。我们的方法使用了节能的数据传输时间表，并使用太阳能电池板收集了能量以延长节点寿命。这项研究是在加纳大阿克拉地区的Weija入口进行的。魏哈坝的取水口是魏哈污水处理厂的重要水源，该污水处理厂向大阿克拉地区和加纳中部地区的人民提供经处理的水。Libelium的智能水传感器和智能水离子传感器设备被部署在进气口以测量物理和化学参数。在中央储存库获得的感测数据显示pH值为7。电导率水平从196 S / cm上升到225 S / cm。钙水平上升至约3.5mg / L，并下降至约0.16mg / L。河流温度主要在35°C至36°C左右。我们观察到氟化物含量在1.24 mg / L和1.9 mg / L之间。氧含量从负溶解氧升至8 mg / L。这些结果显示出对植物和水生生物的显着影响。钙水平上升至约3.5mg / L，并下降至约0.16mg / L。河流温度主要在35°C至36°C左右。我们观察到氟化物含量在1.24 mg / L和1.9 mg / L之间。氧含量从负溶解氧升至8 mg / L。这些结果显示出对植物和水生生物的显着影响。钙水平上升至约3.5mg / L，并下降至约0.16mg / L。河流温度主要在35°C至36°C左右。我们观察到氟化物含量在1.24 mg / L和1.9 mg / L之间。氧含量从负溶解氧升至8 mg / L。这些结果显示出对植物和水生生物的显着影响。