Industrial-scale harvest of species at risk of extinction is controversial and usually highly regulated on land and for charismatic marine animals (e.g. whales). In contrast, threatened marine fish species can be legally caught in industrial fisheries. To determine the magnitude and extent of this problem, we analyze global fisheries catch and import data and find reported catch records of 91 globally threatened species. Thirteen of the species are traded internationally and predominantly consumed in European nations. Targeted industrial fishing for 73 of the threatened species accounts for nearly all (99%) of the threatened species catch volume and value. Our results are a conservative estimate of threatened species catch and trade because we only consider species-level data, excluding group records such as ‘sharks and rays.’ Given the development of new fisheries monitoring technologies and the current push for stronger international mechanisms for biodiversity management, industrial fishing of threatened fish and invertebrates should no longer be neglected in conservation and sustainability commitments.

对濒临灭绝的物种进行工业规模的捕捞是有争议的，并且通常在陆地和有魅力的海洋动物（例如鲸鱼）上受到高度管制。相比之下，受威胁的海洋鱼类可以在工业渔业中合法捕获。为了确定这个问题的严重程度和程度，我们分析了全球渔业捕捞和进口数据，并找到了 91 种全球受威胁物种的报告捕捞记录。其中 13 种物种在国际上交易，主要在欧洲国家消费。73 种受威胁物种的定向工业捕捞几乎占受威胁物种捕捞量和价值的全部 (99%)。我们的结果是对受威胁物种捕捞和贸易的保守估计，因为我们只考虑了物种层面的数据，不包括“鲨鱼和鳐鱼”等群体记录。