Background In semi-arid regions, the use of plastic mulch and pesticides in conventional agriculture is nearly ubiquitous. Although the sorption of pesticides on Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) has been previously studied, no data are available for other plastics such as Pro-oxidant Additive Containing (PAC) plastics or “biodegradable” (Bio) plastics. The aim of this research was to measure the sorption pattern of active substances from pesticides on LDPE, PAC and Bio plastic mulches and to compare the decay of the active substances in the presence and absence of plastic debris. Methods For this purpose, 38 active substances from 17 insecticides, 15 fungicides and six herbicides commonly applied with plastic mulching in South-east Spain were incubated with a 3 × 3 cm2 piece of plastic mulch (LDPE, PAC and Bio). The incubation was done in a solution of 10% acetonitrile and 90% distilled water at 35 °C for 15 days in the dark. The Quick Easy Cheap Effective Rugged Safe approach was adapted to extract the pesticides. Results The sorption behavior depended on both the pesticide and the plastic mulch type. On average, the sorption percentage was ~23% on LDPE and PAC and ~50% on Bio. The decay of active substances in the presence of plastic was ~30% lesser than the decay of active substances in solution alone. This study is the first attempt at assessing the behavior of a diversity of plastic mulches and pesticides to further define research needs.

中文翻译：

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三种塑料覆盖物与农药中 38 种活性物质相互作用的实验室比较

背景 在半干旱地区，在传统农业中使用地膜和杀虫剂几乎无处不在。虽然之前已经研究过杀虫剂在低密度聚乙烯 (LDPE) 上的吸附，但没有其他塑料的数据，例如含促氧化剂添加剂 (PAC) 塑料或“可生物降解” (Bio) 塑料。本研究的目的是测量 LDPE、PAC 和生物塑料覆盖物上农药活性物质的吸附模式，并比较在存在和不存在塑料碎片的情况下活性物质的衰减情况。方法为此目的，将西班牙东南部常用塑料覆盖的 17 种杀虫剂、15 种杀菌剂和 6 种除草剂的 38 种活性物质与 3 × 3 cm2 的塑料覆盖物（LDPE、PAC 和 Bio）一起孵育。在 10% 乙腈和 90% 蒸馏水的溶液中在 35°C 下在黑暗中孵育 15 天。快速、简单、廉价、有效、坚固、安全的方法适用于提取农药。结果吸附行为取决于农药和地膜类型。平均而言，LDPE 和 PAC 的吸附百分比约为 23%，Bio 的吸附百分比约为 50%。在塑料存在下活性物质的衰减比仅在溶液中的活性物质衰减低约 30%。本研究首次尝试评估多种塑料覆盖物和杀虫剂的行为，以进一步确定研究需求。结果吸附行为取决于农药和地膜类型。平均而言，LDPE 和 PAC 的吸附百分比约为 23%，Bio 的吸附百分比约为 50%。在塑料存在下活性物质的衰减比仅在溶液中的活性物质衰减低约 30%。本研究首次尝试评估多种塑料覆盖物和杀虫剂的行为，以进一步确定研究需求。结果吸附行为取决于农药和地膜类型。平均而言，LDPE 和 PAC 的吸附百分比约为 23%，Bio 的吸附百分比约为 50%。在塑料存在下活性物质的衰减比仅在溶液中的活性物质衰减低约 30%。本研究首次尝试评估多种塑料覆盖物和杀虫剂的行为，以进一步确定研究需求。