Many neurons show compartmentalized activity, in which activity does not spread readily across the cell, allowing input and output to occur locally. However, the functional implications of compartmentalized activity for the wider neural circuit are often unclear. We addressed this problem in the Drosophila mushroom body, whose principal neurons, Kenyon cells, receive feedback inhibition from a non-spiking interneuron called the anterior paired lateral (APL) neuron. We used local stimulation and volumetric calcium imaging to show that APL inhibits Kenyon cells’ dendrites and axons, and that both activity in APL and APL’s inhibitory effect on Kenyon cells are spatially localized (the latter somewhat less so), allowing APL to differentially inhibit different mushroom body compartments. Applying these results to the Drosophila hemibrain connectome predicts that individual Kenyon cells inhibit themselves via APL more strongly than they inhibit other individual Kenyon cells. These findings reveal how cellular physiology and detailed network anatomy can combine to influence circuit function.

中文翻译：

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果蝇蘑菇体内的局部抑制

许多神经元表现出区室化的活动，其中活动不容易在整个细胞中传播，从而允许输入和输出在局部发生。然而，划分活动对更广泛的神经回路的功能影响通常不清楚。我们在果蝇蘑菇体中解决了这个问题，其主要神经元 Kenyon 细胞从称为前对侧 (APL) 神经元的非尖峰中间神经元接收反馈抑制。我们使用局部刺激和体积钙成像来显示 APL 抑制 Kenyon 细胞的树突和轴突，并且 APL 中的活性和 APL 对 Kenyon 细胞的抑制作用都是空间定位的（后者稍差），允许 APL 对不同的细胞进行不同的抑制。蘑菇体隔间。将这些结果应用于果蝇半脑连接组预测单个 Kenyon 细胞通过 APL 抑制自身比抑制其他单个 Kenyon 细胞更强烈。这些发现揭示了细胞生理学和详细的网络解剖学如何结合起来影响电路功能。