Comparative assessment of immunomodulatory, proliferative, and antioxidant activities of crocin and crocetin on mesenchymal stem cells.,Journal of Cellular Biochemistry

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Comparative assessment of immunomodulatory, proliferative, and antioxidant activities of crocin and crocetin on mesenchymal stem cells.
Journal of Cellular Biochemistry ( IF 3.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-20 , DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29826
Forouzan Yousefi ₁ , Fahimeh L Arab ₁ , Maryam Rastin ₂ , Nafiseh S Tabasi ₂ , Karim Nikkhah ₃ , Mahmoud Mahmoudi _{1,

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Affiliation

Saffron (Crocus sativus L) is a well‐known spice with active pharmacologic components including crocin, crocetin, safranal, and picrocrocin. Similar to crocin/crocetin, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to display immunomodulatory and antioxidant properties, which could be beneficial in treatment of various diseases. In the current study, we have evaluated the effects of crocin and crocetin on the functions of MSCs. We used the 3‐(4,5‐dimethyl‐2‐thiazolyl)‐2,5‐diphenyl‐2H‐tetrazolium bromide assay to evaluate MSCs proliferation, and flow cytometry assay to measure the percentage of apoptotic MSCs and Tregs populations. Furthermore, we used the real‐time polymerase chain reaction method to quantify messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of inflammatory and anti‐inflammatory cytokines. Antioxidant assay was employed to quantify antioxidant parameters including nitric oxide and malondialdehyde levels besides superoxide dismutase activity. Our findings indicated that both crocin and crocetin at low concentrations (2.5 and 5 µM) exhibited significant effects on increasing MSCs viability and on protecting them against apoptosis‐induced death. Furthermore, crocin and crocetin at low concentrations (2.5 and 5 µM) displayed a better antioxidant function. Moreover, increased Treg population was observed at lower doses. In addition, crocin/crocetin at low concentrations caused an elevation in mRNA expression of anti‐inflammatory cytokines (transforming growth factor‐β, interleukin‐10 [IL‐10], and IL‐4), while at higher doses (25 and 50 µM) they led to lowering inflammatory cytokines (IL‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐17, and interferon gamma). Altogether, both crocin and crocetin at lower concentrations exhibited more efficacies on MSCs with a better effect toward crocin. It seems that crocin and crocetin may be considered as complementary treatments for the patients who undergo MSCs transplantation.

中文翻译：

番红花和大黄素对间充质干细胞的免疫调节，增殖和抗氧化活性的比较评估。

藏红花（番红花L）是一种知名的香料，具有活性的药理成分，其中包括藏红花素，藏红花素，黄fra素和苦瓜红素。与crocro / crocetin相似，间充质干细胞（MSC）已显示出免疫调节和抗氧化特性，这可能有益于治疗各种疾病。在当前的研究中，我们评估了番红花和大黄素对MSCs功能的影响。我们使用3-（4,5-二甲基-2-噻唑基）-2,5-二苯基-2H-四唑溴化物测定来评估MSC的增殖，并使用流式细胞仪测定凋亡的MSC和Treg种群的百分比。此外，我们使用了实时聚合酶链反应方法来量化炎症和抗炎细胞因子的信使RNA（mRNA）表达。除超氧化物歧化酶活性外，还采用抗氧化剂测定来量化抗氧化剂参数，包括一氧化氮和丙二醛水平。我们的发现表明，低浓度（2.5和5 µM）的藏红花和藏红花黄素对增加MSC的生存能力和保护它们免于凋亡诱导的死亡均具有显著作用。此外，低浓度（2.5和5 µM）的番红花和大黄素显示出更好的抗氧化功能。此外，在较低剂量下观察到Treg种群增加。此外，低浓度的番红花/大黄素导致抗炎细胞因子（转化生长因子-β，白介素-10 [IL-10]和IL-4）的mRNA表达升高，而高剂量时（25和50） µM）可降低炎症细胞因子（IL-1β，IL-6，IL-17和干扰素γ）。共，较低浓度的藏红花烯和藏红花素都对MSC表现出更大的功效，对藏花红素的效果更好。crocro和crocetin似乎可以作为MSCs移植患者的补充治疗。

更新日期：2020-09-20

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