Numerous studies have described the prognostic factors of canine and feline mammary carcinomas (MCs), that is, variables that predict patient survival after diagnosis. But how does survival estimation evolve in patients that escaped early death from their cancer? In human oncology, conditional survival (CS), the probability of surviving X further years when cancer patients have already survived Y years, is used to analyse cancer outcomes in a long‐term perspective. In this cohort of 344 dogs and 342 cats with surgically removed stage I to III invasive MCs, with a minimal follow‐up of 2 years, we calculated the 1‐year CS, that is, the probability for patients that have survived 1 year, to survive or to die from cancer during the subsequent year. The 1‐year conditional specific survival probabilities were 59% and 48% at diagnosis of invasive MC respectively in dogs and cats, and 80% and 52% in 1‐year surviving dogs and cats respectively, suggesting that 1‐year surviving dogs were relatively protected from cancer‐related death, whereas feline MCs remained life‐threatening cancers for longer periods of time. Among the most significant parameters associated with CS in surviving dogs and cats were the nodal stage and lymphovascular invasion, as well as patient age, cancer stage and margin status in surviving dogs. By comparison, tumour size and the histological grade did not significantly alter CS probabilities in surviving dogs and cats. Conditional survival may be considered a very interesting tool for veterinary practitioners to estimate the likely outcome of cancer survivors.

中文翻译：

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患有浸润性乳腺癌的狗和猫的一年有条件生存：一个受人类乳腺癌启发的概念

许多研究已经描述了犬和猫乳腺癌 (MC) 的预后因素，即预测诊断后患者存活率的变量。但是，在避免因癌症而过早死亡的患者中，生存估计是如何演变的呢？在人类肿瘤学中，条件生存 (CS)，即癌症患者已经存活 Y 年的情况下再存活 X 年的概率，用于从长期角度分析癌症结果。在这个由手术切除 I 至 III 期侵袭性 MC 的 344 只狗和 342 只猫组成的队列中，最少随访 2 年，我们计算了 1 年 CS，即存活 1 年的患者的概率，在接下来的一年中生存或死于癌症。犬和​​猫诊断侵袭性 MC 时的 1 年条件特异性生存概率分别为 59% 和 48%，存活 1 年的狗和猫分别为 80% 和 52%，表明存活 1 年的犬相对于免受癌症相关死亡的影响，而猫的 MCs 在更长的时间内仍然是威胁生命的癌症。在幸存的狗和猫中与 CS 相关的最重要参数是淋巴结分期和淋巴血管侵犯，以及幸存狗的患者年龄、癌症分期和边缘状态。相比之下，肿瘤大小和组织学分级并没有显着改变幸存的狗和猫的 CS 概率。有条件生存可能被认为是兽医从业者估计癌症幸存者可能结果的一个非常有趣的工具。