Women’s greater prevalence of anxiety disorders compared to men is widely assumed to be partly due to gender differences in cognitive and behavioural factors that perpetuate anxiety, such as repetitive negative thinking (RNT) and avoidance. However, past studies assessing this assumption have not controlled for gender differences in baseline symptom severity, the type of stressful life experiences against which RNT and avoidance are measured, or emotional reactivity to these experiences.

中文翻译：

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患有蜘蛛恐惧症的男性和女性在症状激发后回避和重复消极思维方面的性别差异。

人们普遍认为，与男性相比，女性焦虑症的患病率更高，部分原因是导致焦虑持续存在的认知和行为因素的性别差异，例如重复性消极思维 (RNT) 和回避。然而，过去评估这一假设的研究并未控制基线症状严重程度的性别差异、测量 RNT 和回避的压力生活经历类型或对这些经历的情绪反应。