Global uptrends in palm oil industry have been observed while a vast amount of waste, particularly palm oil mill effluent (POME) which is a type of wastewater that can cause severe environmental pollution has been discharged. This has caused remarkable challenges for palm oil mills to obey the regulations of standard discharge limits, resulting in development of several bioremediation methods and bioreactors, which are presented in this paper. For further utilisation of POME, researches have been carried out to develop value added products from POME and to make POME as energy resources. Indeed, POME with high chemical and biochemical oxygen demand as well as mineral content is suitable and useful raw material. Simultaneous wastewater treatment and production of bioenergy and bioproducts will make palm oil industry more clean, sustainable and environmentally friendly. Hence, this review comprehensively summarizes the production of renewable energies (methane, biohydrogen, syngas, biodiesel and biocrude oil) and high value products (microalgae, yeasts, enzymes and bioplastics) from the POME wastewater, critically analysing their current developments and future prospect. Nevertheless, there are still research needs in order to improve the biorefinery and bioremediation of POME.

已观察到棕榈油工业的全球上升趋势，同时排放了大量废物，尤其是棕榈油厂废水（POME），该废水是一种会引起严重环境污染的废水。这给棕榈油加工厂遵守标准排放极限规定带来了巨大挑战，导致了几种生物修复方法和生物反应器的开发，本文将对此进行介绍。为了进一步利用POME，已经进行了研究以开发POME的增值产品并使POME成为能源。确实，具有高化学和生化需氧量以及矿物质含量的POME是合适的有用原料。同时进行废水处理以及生物能源和生物制品的生产将使棕榈油行业更加清洁，可持续和环保。因此，本综述全面总结了POME废水的可再生能源（甲烷，生物氢，合成气，生物柴油和生物原油）和高价值产品（微藻，酵母，酶和生物塑料）的生产，并严格分析了它们的当前发展和未来前景。然而，为了改善POME的生物精炼和生物修复，仍存在研究需求。