As one of the most common environmental problems, noise pollution in modern cities has been causing many short-term and long-term health problems. This study examines whether the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) exists on China’s noise pollution problem. Based on the two-way fixed effects model, we study the relationship between noise pollution and economic development based on the noise monitoring data from 111 cities in China from 1991 to 2017, and the robustness test was conducted using GMM and semi-parametric methods. We find that 1) Relationship between noise pollution and economic development in China is inverted N-shaped at the national scale. 2) Shapes of noise pollution EKC curves have substantial regional variations: the curve is inverted N-shaped in the eastern region, inverted U-shaped in the central region, and linear in the western region. 3) Missing key variables in the parameter regression will change the turning point. 4) Development of the tertiary industry will increase noise pollution. Our research results show that economic development does not necessarily lead to environmental degradation. The government should play an important role in noise pollution control and pay more attention to the environmental demands of society.