The nano-sized HZSM-5 zeolites with different Si/Al ratios were pretreated, characterized, and tested in ethylene oligomerization performed in a fixed-bed reactor under relatively mild conditions. The effects of catalyst acidity and reaction temperature on the activity, selectivity and stability were investigated, and a possible reaction route of ethylene over acidic sites of nano-sized HZSM-5 catalyst was proposed. In comparison with micro-sized HZSM-5 zeolite, nano-sized HZSM-5 zeolites exhibited higher activity and better resistance to deactivation. Under optimal conditions (T = 275–300 °C, P = 3.0 MPa, WHSV = 1.0 h⁻¹), The average ethylene conversion was 62.5% over the nano-sized HZSM-5 with an Si/Al ratio of 80, while the selectivity to C₄₊ olefins and α-olefins was 64.3% and 13.3%, respectively. Furthermore, the products of ethylene oligomerization were a complex hydrocarbon mixture due to the acid-catalyzed secondary reactions, for which the distribution of even and odd numbered carbon atoms formed a continuous volcanic shape mainly centered on C₆–C₁₀. Furthermore, these tests demonstrate that the activity and selectivity of ethylene oligomerization depend on the operating conditions and the acidity of the catalysts. These results indicate that the Brønsted acid sites may be mainly responsible for secondary reactions and deactivation of the catalyst, whereas the Lewis acid sites may be more advantageous for ethylene oligomerization.

在相对温和的条件下，在固定床反应器中进行的乙烯低聚反应中，对具有不同Si / Al比的纳米级HZSM-5沸石进行了预处理，表征和测试。研究了催化剂酸度和反应温度对催化剂活性，选择性和稳定性的影响，提出了乙烯在纳米级HZSM-5催化剂酸性位点上可能的反应路线。与微米尺寸的HZSM-5沸石相比，纳米尺寸的HZSM-5沸石具有更高的活性和更好的抗失活性。在最佳条件下（T = 275-300°C，P = 3.0 MPa，WHSV = 1.0 h ^-1），Si / Al比为80的纳米级HZSM-5的平均乙烯转化率为62.5％。对C ₄₊的选择性烯烃和α-烯烃分别为64.3％和13.3％。此外，由于酸催化的二次反应，乙烯低聚的产物是一种复杂的烃混合物，其偶数和奇数碳原子的分布形成了一个以C ₆ -C ₁₀为中心的连续火山形状。此外，这些测试表明乙烯低聚的活性和选择性取决于操作条件和催化剂的酸度。这些结果表明布朗斯台德酸位点可能主要负责副反应和催化剂的失活，而路易斯酸位点对于乙烯低聚可能更有利。