Compliant grinding and polishing refers to a class of fine material processing methods relying on one or more system element being compliant with the workpiece surface in a controllable and reversible manner, thus being distinct from conventional rigid wheel grinding and polishing. The resulting surface adaptability greatly facilitates the ultra-precision machining of freeform surfaces, with a level of accuracy and productivity difficult to achieve with conventional rigid processing systems. Aiming for a comprehensive review of signal advances on this topic in the last decades, this paper introduces a multi-level compliance categorization system to sort between distinctive processes. For each category, various perspectives are explored that pertain to principles, methodologies, and physical properties such as material removal and surface integrity. Finally, relative merits are analyzed, together with a discussion of the outlook and future trends.

顺应性研磨和抛光是指一类精细材料加工方法，该方法依赖于一个或多个系统元素以可控和可逆的方式顺应工件表面，因此不同于常规的刚性轮研磨和抛光。所产生的表面适应性极大地促进了自由曲面的超精密加工，其精度和生产率水平是传统刚性加工系统难以达到的。为了全面回顾过去几十年中有关该主题的信号进展，本文介绍了一种多级合规性分类系统，以区分不同的过程。对于每种类别，都探讨了与原理，方法和物理特性（例如材料去除和表面完整性）有关的各种观点。