Fruit development and ripening are essential components of human and animal diets. Fruit ripening is also a vital plant trait for plant shelf life at the commercial level. In the present study, two apple cultivars, Hanfu wild (HC) and Hanfu mutant (HM), were employed for RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq) to explore the genes involved in fruit ripening. We retrieved 2642 genes, differentially expressed in HC and HM apple cultivars. Gene ontology (GO) analysis revealed the 569 categories, significantly enriched in biological process, cellular component, and molecular function. KEGG analysis exhibited the plant hormone transduction and flavonoid-anthocyanin biosynthesis pathways, might be involved in the fruit ripening and anthocyanin biosynthesis mechanism. A cluster of 13 and 26 DEGs was retrieved, representing the plant hormones and transcription factors, respectively, that may be important for early ripening in HM genotype. This transcriptome study would be useful for researchers to functionally characterize the DEGs responsible for early ripening.

果实发育和成熟是人类和动物饮食的重要组成部分。果实成熟也是商业水平上植物保质期的重要植物性状。在本研究中，采用汉服野生（HC）和汉服突变体（HM）两个苹果品种进行RNA测序（RNA-Seq）来探索果实成熟的相关基因。我们检索到 2642 个基因，在 HC 和 HM 苹果品种中差异表达。基因本体（GO）分析揭示了569个类别，在生物过程、细胞成分和分子功能方面显着丰富。KEGG分析显示植物激素转导和黄酮-花青素生物合成途径，可能参与果实成熟和花青素生物合成机制。检索到一组 13 和 26 个 DEG，代表植物激素和转录因子，分别，这可能对HM基因型的早熟很重要。这项转录组研究将有助于研究人员在功能上表征负责早熟的 DEG。