Photocatalysts made of earth-abundant elements using simple fabrication methods are highly desirable for bacterial inactivation in practical applications. This study proved that the carbon-based g-C₃N₄ could act as an effective antagonist to the ubiquitous plant-pathogen Rhizobium radiobacter with good photostability and reusability under visible light. The applying of g-C₃N₄ efficiently improved the survivability of tobacco seedlings under the stress of R. radiobacter and showed no adverse effect on tobacco growth compared with the common metal-based TiO₂ and CdS photocatalysts. The systematic mechanism studies revealed that the photoinduced reactive species (RSs) were strongly involved in the photocatalytic bacterial inactivation process, with an effectiveness of h⁺ >·O₂^- >·OH > H₂O₂ > e^– > ¹O₂. The direct contact between g-C₃N₄ and bacterial cells was also essential for the effective bacterial inactivation. Although bacterial self-protection system (SOD and CAT enzymes) functioned in the initial period, the accumulated RSs damaged cell membrane structure as well as membrane-associated respiration and ATP synthesis ability, finally leading to the leakage of cellular building blocks (K⁺, TOC, DNA and RNA) and irreversible cell death. This study illustrated that the g-C₃N₄ could be used as an ideal photocatalytic bactericide towards agriculture application to improve the plant resistance to pathogens with good biocompatibility and low-cost.

对于实际应用中的细菌灭活，非常需要使用简单的制造方法由富土元素制成的光催化剂。这项研究证明基于碳的gC ₃ N ₄可以作为无处不在的植物病原体根瘤菌的有效拮抗剂，在可见光下具有良好的光稳定性和可重复使用性。与普通金属基TiO ₂相比，gC ₃ N ₄的施用有效提高了烟草幼苗在放射线菌的胁迫下的生存能力，并且对烟草生长没有不利影响。和CdS光催化剂。该系统的机制的研究显示，光诱导的反应性物质（RS）的强烈参与光催化细菌失活过程中，与h的有效性⁺ >·O2 ₂ ^- >·OH>ħ ₂ ö ₂ >电子^- > ¹ Ò ₂。gC ₃ N ₄之间的直接接触细菌细胞对于有效的细菌灭活也是必不可少的。尽管细菌自我保护系统（SOD和CAT酶）在初期起作用，但累积的RS破坏了细胞膜结构以及与膜相关的呼吸和ATP合成能力，最终导致细胞构件（K ⁺， TOC，DNA和RNA）和不可逆的细胞死亡。这项研究表明，gC ₃ N ₄可以作为一种理想的光催化杀菌剂用于农业应用，以提高植物对病原体的抗性，并具有良好的生物相容性和低成本。