Bionanotechnology has developed rapidly over the past two decades, owing to the extensive and versatile, functionalities and applicability of nanoparticles (NPs). Fifty-one nanomedicines have been approved by FDA since 1995, out of the many NPs based formulations developed to date. The general conformation of NPs consists of a core with ligands coating their surface, that stabilizes them and provides them with added functionalities. The physicochemical properties, especially the surface composition of NPs influence their bio-interactions to a large extent. This review discusses recent studies that help understand the nano-bio interactions of iron oxide and gold NPs with different surface compositions. We discuss the influence of the experimental factors on the outcome of the studies and, thus, the importance of standardization in the field of nanotechnology. Recent studies suggest that with careful selection of experimental parameters, it is possible to improve the positive correlation between in vitro and in vivo studies. This provides a fundamental understanding of the NPs which helps in assessing their potential toxic side effects and may aid in manipulating them further to improve their biocompatibility and biosafety.

由于纳米粒子 (NPs) 的广泛性和多功能性、功能性和适用性，生物纳米技术在过去二十年中发展迅速。自 1995 年以来，FDA 已批准了 51 种纳米药物，其中包括迄今为止开发的许多基于 NP 的制剂。NPs 的一般构象由一个核心和表面覆盖的配体组成，配体稳定它们并为它们提供额外的功能。NPs 的物理化学性质，尤其是表面组成在很大程度上影响着它们的生物相互作用。本综述讨论了最近的研究，这些研究有助于理解具有不同表面成分的氧化铁和金 NP 的纳米生物相互作用。我们讨论了实验因素对研究结果的影响，因此，标准化在纳米技术领域的重要性。最近的研究表明，通过仔细选择实验参数，可以改善体外和体内研究之间的正相关性。这提供了对 NP 的基本了解，有助于评估其潜在的毒副作用，并可能有助于进一步操纵它们以提高其生物相容性和生物安全性。