The Journal of Membrane Biology ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-21 , DOI: 10.1007/s00232-020-00141-2 Anish Kumar Mondal 1 , Pratima Verma 1 , Kusum Lata 1 , Mahendra Singh 1 , Shamaita Chatterjee 1 , Kausik Chattopadhyay 1
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Abstract
Pore-forming proteins/toxins (PFPs/PFTs) are the distinct class of membrane-damaging proteins. They act by forming oligomeric pores in the plasma membranes. PFTs and PFPs from diverse organisms share a common mechanism of action, in which the designated pore-forming motifs of the membrane-bound protein molecules insert into the membrane lipid bilayer to create the water-filled pores. One common characteristic of these pore-forming motifs is that they are amphipathic in nature. In general, the hydrophobic sidechains of the pore-forming motifs face toward the hydrophobic core of the membranes, while the hydrophilic residues create the lining of the water-filled pore lumen. Interestingly, pore-forming motifs of the distinct subclass of PFPs/PFTs share very little sequence similarity with each other. Therefore, the common guiding principle that governs the sequence-to-structure paradigm in the mechanism of action of these PFPs/PFTs still remains an enigma. In this article, we discuss this notion using the examples of diverse groups of membrane-damaging PFPs/PFTs.
Graphic Abstract
中文翻译：
膜损伤蛋白毒素成孔基序的序列多样性。
摘要
成孔蛋白/毒素 (PFPs/PFTs) 是一类独特的膜损伤蛋白。它们通过在质膜中形成寡聚孔来发挥作用。来自不同生物体的 PFT 和 PFP 具有共同的作用机制，其中膜结合蛋白分子的指定成孔基序插入膜脂双层中以产生充满水的孔。这些成孔基序的一个共同特征是它们本质上是两亲性的。通常，成孔基序的疏水侧链面向膜的疏水核心，而亲水残基形成充满水的孔腔的衬里。有趣的是，PFP/PFT 不同亚类的成孔基序彼此之间几乎没有序列相似性。所以，在这些 PFPs/PFTs 的作用机制中控制序列到结构范式的共同指导原则仍然是一个谜。在本文中，我们使用不同组的膜损伤 PFP/PFT 的例子来讨论这个概念。
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