Primary cilia are non-motile, microtubule-based, antennae-like organelle that protrude out from the cell surface and perform sensory function or transduce physiological signals in majority of the vertebrate cells. Cilia are assembled on basal bodies that are transformed centrioles. The assembly-disassembly of primary cilia may pose an additional measure on regulating cell cycle in vertebrate cells. While primary cilia are commonly found in differentiated or quiescent cells that are not cycling, disassembly of primary cilia may promote re-entry of these cells into the mitotic cycle, and support proliferation. Many cancer tissues or cancer-derived cells exhibit loss of primary cilia. However, primary cilia may also promote tumorigenesis in some contexts through growth-promoting signalling. This review will shed light on recent advancements of temporal coordination of ciliary disassembly and cell cycle progression, with a focus on how cilia loss may support tumorigenesis in various epithelial cancers.

中文翻译：

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释放刹车：增殖需要初级纤毛分解

初级纤毛是非运动的、基于微管的、类似触角的细胞器，从细胞表面突出并在大多数脊椎动物细胞中执行感觉功能或转导生理信号。纤毛组装在转化为中心粒的基体上。初级纤毛的组装-拆卸可能对调节脊椎动物细胞的细胞周期提出了额外的措施。虽然初级纤毛通常存在于不循环的分化或静止细胞中，但初级纤毛的分解可能会促进这些细胞重新进入有丝分裂周期，并支持增殖。许多癌组织或癌衍生细胞表现出初级纤毛的丧失。然而，初级纤毛在某些情况下也可能通过促生长信号促进肿瘤发生。