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Multi-scale verification of distributed synchronisation
Formal Methods in System Design ( IF 0.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-20 , DOI: 10.1007/s10703-020-00347-z
Paul Gainer , Sven Linker , Clare Dixon , Ullrich Hustadt , Michael Fisher

Algorithms for the synchronisation of clocks across networks are both common and important within distributed systems. We here address not only the formal modelling of these algorithms, but also the formal verification of their behaviour. Of particular importance is the strong link between the very different levels of abstraction at which the algorithms may be verified. Our contribution is primarily the formalisation of this connection between individual models and population-based models, and the subsequent verification that is then possible. While the technique is applicable across a range of synchronisation algorithms, we particularly focus on the synchronisation of (biologically-inspired) pulse-coupled oscillators, a widely used approach in practical distributed systems. For this application domain, different levels of abstraction are crucial: models based on the behaviour of an individual process are able to capture the details of distinguished nodes in possibly heterogenous networks, where each node may exhibit different behaviour. On the other hand, collective models assume homogeneous sets of processes, and allow the behaviour of the network to be analysed at the global level. System-wide parameters may be easily adjusted, for example environmental factors inhibiting the reliability of the shared communication medium. This work provides a formal bridge across the “abstraction gap” separating the individual models and the population-based models for this important class of synchronisation algorithms.

中文翻译:

分布式同步多尺度验证

用于跨网络同步时钟的算法在分布式系统中既常见又重要。我们在这里不仅解决了这些算法的形式化建模问题,还解决了它们行为的形式化验证问题。特别重要的是可以验证算法的非常不同的抽象级别之间的紧密联系。我们的贡献主要是形式化个体模型和基于群体的模型之间的这种联系,以及随后可能的验证。虽然该技术适用于一系列同步算法,但我们特别关注(受生物启发的)脉冲耦合振荡器的同步,这是实际分布式系统中广泛使用的方法。对于这个应用领域,不同级别的抽象是至关重要的:基于单个进程行为的模型能够捕获可能异构网络中不同节点的细节,其中每个节点可能表现出不同的行为。另一方面,集体模型假设过程集是同质的,并允许在全局级别分析网络的行为。系统范围的参数可以容易地调整,例如抑制共享通信介质可靠性的环境因素。这项工作为这一重要类别的同步算法提供了跨越分离个体模型和基于群体的模型的“抽象鸿沟”的正式桥梁。其中每个节点可能表现出不同的行为。另一方面,集体模型假设过程集是同质的,并允许在全局级别分析网络的行为。系统范围的参数可以容易地调整,例如抑制共享通信介质可靠性的环境因素。这项工作为这一重要类别的同步算法提供了跨越分离个体模型和基于群体的模型的“抽象鸿沟”的正式桥梁。其中每个节点可能表现出不同的行为。另一方面,集体模型假设过程集是同质的,并允许在全局级别分析网络的行为。系统范围的参数可以容易地调整,例如抑制共享通信介质可靠性的环境因素。这项工作为这一重要类别的同步算法提供了跨越分离个体模型和基于群体的模型的“抽象鸿沟”的正式桥梁。
更新日期:2020-09-20
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