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A scoping review of drought impacts on health and society in North America
Climatic Change ( IF 4.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-21 , DOI: 10.1007/s10584-020-02848-6
Margaret Sugg , Jennifer Runkle , Ronnie Leeper , Hannah Bagli , Andrew Golden , Leah Hart Handwerger , Tatiana Magee , Camila Moreno , Rhiannon Reed-Kelly , Michelle Taylor , Sarah Woolard

Drought is a highly destructive natural hazard with wide-ranging impacts on water security, agriculture, energy, and human health. Unlike most natural hazards, droughts can develop anywhere, evolve rapidly within a month or slowly over a season, and span months to decades without a clear beginning or end. Few studies investigate the direct link between drought and drought-related impacts on health and society, and little research has identified critical science gaps in the field of drought-society. This scoping review aims to explore the societal implications of drought and identify knowledge gaps for future drought-society studies. We performed a PRISMA scoping review with a four-element search model on articles published since 2010. We extracted drought impacts data from 74 articles. Results were synthesized into three main topical areas examining public health impacts, water quality impacts, and water quantity impacts. While studies were heterogeneous in terms of objectives and methods, they illustrated the full breadth of drought impacts. The current body of evidence lacks a standard set of drought indices that can be readily applied to evaluate and monitor societal impacts due to drought. The challenge of defining drought limits a holistic understanding of drought effects and recovery time. More interdisciplinary collaborations are needed to establishes community-wide consensus on the identification of relevant hydrological indicators that best describe an adverse outcome is an understudied research priority.

中文翻译:

北美干旱对健康和社会影响的范围审查

干旱是一种极具破坏性的自然灾害,对水安全、农业、能源和人类健康产生广泛影响。与大多数自然灾害不同,干旱可以在任何地方发生,在一个月内迅速演变或在一个季节内缓慢演变,持续数月至数十年,没有明确的开始或结束。很少有研究调查干旱与干旱对健康和社会的影响之间的直接联系,也很少有研究确定干旱社会领域的关键科学差距。本范围界定审查旨在探索干旱的社会影响,并确定未来干旱社会研究的知识差距。我们使用四元素搜索模型对 2010 年以来发表的文章进行了 PRISMA 范围界定审查。我们从 74 篇文章中提取了干旱影响数据。结果被综合到三个主要主题领域,研究公共卫生影响、水质影响和水量影响。虽然研究在目标和方法方面各不相同,但它们说明了干旱影响的全部范围。当前的证据缺乏一套标准的干旱指数,可以很容易地应用于评估和监测干旱造成的社会影响。定义干旱的挑战限制了对干旱影响和恢复时间的整体理解。需要更多的跨学科合作来在社区范围内就确定最能描述不利结果的相关水文指标达成共识,这是一项尚未得到充分研究的研究重点。虽然研究在目标和方法方面各不相同,但它们说明了干旱影响的全部范围。当前的证据缺乏一套标准的干旱指数,可以很容易地应用于评估和监测干旱造成的社会影响。定义干旱的挑战限制了对干旱影响和恢复时间的整体理解。需要更多的跨学科合作来在社区范围内就确定最能描述不利结果的相关水文指标达成共识,这是一项尚未得到充分研究的研究重点。虽然研究在目标和方法方面各不相同,但它们说明了干旱影响的全部范围。当前的证据缺乏一套标准的干旱指数,可以很容易地应用于评估和监测干旱造成的社会影响。定义干旱的挑战限制了对干旱影响和恢复时间的整体理解。需要更多的跨学科合作来在社区范围内就确定最能描述不利结果的相关水文指标达成共识,这是一项尚未得到充分研究的研究重点。定义干旱的挑战限制了对干旱影响和恢复时间的整体理解。需要更多的跨学科合作来在社区范围内就确定最能描述不利结果的相关水文指标达成共识,这是一项尚未得到充分研究的研究重点。定义干旱的挑战限制了对干旱影响和恢复时间的整体理解。需要更多的跨学科合作来在社区范围内就确定最能描述不利结果的相关水文指标达成共识,这是一项尚未得到充分研究的研究重点。
更新日期:2020-09-21
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