Wheat flour quality is a complex group of traits of tremendous importance to wheat producers, end-users and breeders. Eight flour quality traits; flour protein content, wet gluten content, gluten index, dry gluten content, falling number, ash content, test weight and flour moisture were measured in two doubled haploid populations (Yecora Rojo X Ksu106 and Klassic × Ksu105) at Riyadh and Al-Qassim locations under heat treatments. Single-nucleotide polymorphism markers have been used to determine the number of QTLs controlling the flour quality traits in both populations. Analysis of variance revealed high significant differences (P < 0.01) for all traits among wheat genotypes and between locations in both populations. The wheat genotypes × location interaction was high significant in both populations. A total of 58 additive QTLs were detected for the eight flour quality traits in the Yecora Rojo × Ksu106 population at Riyadh and Al-Qassim locations under heat treatments. They were mainly distributed over the 21 wheat chromosomes except 4B and 4D chromosomes.ssss. Moreover, in Klassic × Ksu105 population, there were 69 additive QTLs identified over the full set of chromosomes except 3D chromosome under two locations. This study will facilitate the generation of improved wheat varieties with good quality via molecular marker-assisted breeding.

中文翻译：

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热胁迫下春小麦两个双单倍体群体面粉品质性状QTL的分子检测

小麦面粉质量是一组对小麦生产者、最终用户和育种者极为重要的复杂性状。八种面粉品质性状；在利雅得和卡西姆地区的两个双单倍体种群（Yecora Rojo X Ksu106 和 Klassic × Ksu105）中测量面粉蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、面筋指数、干面筋含量、下降数、灰分含量、测试重量和面粉水分热处理下。单核苷酸多态性标记已被用于确定控制两个种群面粉质量性状的 QTL 数量。方差分析揭示了小麦基因型之间和两个群体中不同地点之间所有性状的高度显着差异（P < 0.01）。小麦基因型×位置互作在两个种群中都非常显着。在热处理条件下，在利雅得和 Al-Qassim 地点的 Yecora Rojo × Ksu106 群体中，总共检测到 8 个面粉质量性状的 58 个附加 QTL。它们主要分布在除4B和4D染色体.ssss外的21条小麦染色体上。此外，在 Klassic × Ksu105 群体中，除了 3D 染色体之外，在两个位置下的整个染色体上鉴定了 69 个加性 QTL。本研究将通过分子标记辅助育种促进优质小麦品种的产生。除了3D染色体在两个位置下，在全组染色体上鉴定出69个附加QTL。本研究将通过分子标记辅助育种促进优质小麦品种的产生。除了3D染色体在两个位置下，在全组染色体上鉴定出69个附加QTL。本研究将通过分子标记辅助育种促进优质小麦品种的产生。